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iokit/Kernel/IOMemoryDescriptor.cpp xnu-201.14 xnu-792
--- xnu/xnu-201.14/iokit/Kernel/IOMemoryDescriptor.cpp
+++ xnu/xnu-792/iokit/Kernel/IOMemoryDescriptor.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1998-2000 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1998-2004 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
  *
  * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
  * 
@@ -25,25 +25,46 @@
  * HISTORY
  *
  */
+// 45678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
 
 #include <IOKit/assert.h>
 #include <IOKit/system.h>
 #include <IOKit/IOLib.h>
 #include <IOKit/IOMemoryDescriptor.h>
+#include <IOKit/IOMapper.h>
+#include <IOKit/IOKitKeysPrivate.h>
 
 #include <IOKit/IOKitDebug.h>
 
+#include "IOKitKernelInternal.h"
+
 #include <libkern/c++/OSContainers.h>
-#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+#include <libkern/c++/OSDictionary.h>
+#include <libkern/c++/OSArray.h>
+#include <libkern/c++/OSSymbol.h>
+#include <libkern/c++/OSNumber.h>
+
+#include <sys/uio.h>
 
 __BEGIN_DECLS
 #include <vm/pmap.h>
+#include <vm/vm_pageout.h>
+#include <vm/vm_shared_memory_server.h>
+#include <mach/memory_object_types.h>
 #include <device/device_port.h>
-void bcopy_phys(char *from, char *to, int size);
-void pmap_enter(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_offset_t pa,
-                vm_prot_t prot, boolean_t wired);
+
+#ifndef i386
+#include <mach/vm_prot.h>
+#include <vm/vm_fault.h>
+struct phys_entry      *pmap_find_physentry(ppnum_t pa);
+#endif
+
+extern ppnum_t pmap_find_phys(pmap_t pmap, addr64_t va);
 void ipc_port_release_send(ipc_port_t port);
-vm_offset_t vm_map_get_phys_page(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t offset);
+
+/* Copy between a physical page and a virtual address in the given vm_map */
+kern_return_t copypv(addr64_t source, addr64_t sink, unsigned int size, int which);
 
 memory_object_t
 device_pager_setup(
@@ -51,68 +72,164 @@
 	int		device_handle,
 	vm_size_t	size,
 	int		flags);
+void
+device_pager_deallocate(
+        memory_object_t);
 kern_return_t
 device_pager_populate_object(
 	memory_object_t		pager,
 	vm_object_offset_t	offset,
-	vm_offset_t		phys_addr,
+	ppnum_t			phys_addr,
 	vm_size_t		size);
+kern_return_t
+memory_object_iopl_request(
+	ipc_port_t		port,
+	memory_object_offset_t	offset,
+	vm_size_t		*upl_size,
+	upl_t			*upl_ptr,
+	upl_page_info_array_t	user_page_list,
+	unsigned int		*page_list_count,
+	int			*flags);
+
+unsigned int  IOTranslateCacheBits(struct phys_entry *pp);
 
 __END_DECLS
 
+#define kIOMaximumMappedIOByteCount	(512*1024*1024)
+
+static IOMapper * gIOSystemMapper;
+static ppnum_t	  gIOMaximumMappedIOPageCount = atop_32(kIOMaximumMappedIOByteCount);
+
 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
 
-OSDefineMetaClass( IOMemoryDescriptor, OSObject )
-OSDefineAbstractStructors( IOMemoryDescriptor, OSObject )
+OSDefineMetaClassAndAbstractStructors( IOMemoryDescriptor, OSObject )
 
 #define super IOMemoryDescriptor
 
 OSDefineMetaClassAndStructors(IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor, IOMemoryDescriptor)
 
-extern "C" {
-
-vm_map_t IOPageableMapForAddress( vm_address_t address );
-
-typedef kern_return_t (*IOIteratePageableMapsCallback)(vm_map_t map, void * ref);
-
-kern_return_t IOIteratePageableMaps(vm_size_t size,
-                    IOIteratePageableMapsCallback callback, void * ref);
-
-}
-
 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
 
-inline vm_map_t IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::getMapForTask( task_t task, vm_address_t address )
-{
-    if( (task == kernel_task) && (kIOMemoryRequiresWire & _flags))
-        return( IOPageableMapForAddress( address ) );
-    else
-        return( get_task_map( task ));
-}
-
-inline vm_offset_t pmap_extract_safe(task_t task, vm_offset_t va)
-{
-    vm_offset_t pa = pmap_extract(get_task_pmap(task), va);
-
-    if ( pa == 0 )
-    {
-        pa = vm_map_get_phys_page(get_task_map(task), trunc_page(va));
-        if ( pa )  pa += va - trunc_page(va);
-    }
-
-    return pa;
-}
-
-inline void bcopy_phys_safe(char * from, char * to, int size)
-{
-    boolean_t enabled = ml_set_interrupts_enabled(FALSE);
-
-    bcopy_phys(from, to, size);
-
-    ml_set_interrupts_enabled(enabled);
-}
-
-#define next_page(a) ( trunc_page(a) + page_size )
+static IORecursiveLock * gIOMemoryLock;
+
+#define LOCK	IORecursiveLockLock( gIOMemoryLock)
+#define UNLOCK	IORecursiveLockUnlock( gIOMemoryLock)
+#define SLEEP	IORecursiveLockSleep( gIOMemoryLock, (void *)this, THREAD_UNINT)
+#define WAKEUP	\
+    IORecursiveLockWakeup( gIOMemoryLock, (void *)this, /* one-thread */ false)
+
+/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
+
+class _IOMemoryMap : public IOMemoryMap
+{
+    OSDeclareDefaultStructors(_IOMemoryMap)
+public:
+    IOMemoryDescriptor * memory;
+    IOMemoryMap *	superMap;
+    IOByteCount		offset;
+    IOByteCount		length;
+    IOVirtualAddress	logical;
+    task_t		addressTask;
+    vm_map_t		addressMap;
+    IOOptionBits	options;
+    upl_t		redirUPL;
+    ipc_port_t		redirEntry;
+    IOMemoryDescriptor * owner;
+
+protected:
+    virtual void taggedRelease(const void *tag = 0) const;
+    virtual void free();
+
+public:
+
+    // IOMemoryMap methods
+    virtual IOVirtualAddress 	getVirtualAddress();
+    virtual IOByteCount 	getLength();
+    virtual task_t		getAddressTask();
+    virtual IOMemoryDescriptor * getMemoryDescriptor();
+    virtual IOOptionBits 	getMapOptions();
+
+    virtual IOReturn 		unmap();
+    virtual void 		taskDied();
+
+    virtual IOReturn		redirect(IOMemoryDescriptor * newBackingMemory,
+					 IOOptionBits         options,
+					 IOByteCount          offset = 0);
+
+    virtual IOPhysicalAddress 	getPhysicalSegment(IOByteCount offset,
+	       					   IOByteCount * length);
+
+    // for IOMemoryDescriptor use
+    _IOMemoryMap * copyCompatible(
+		IOMemoryDescriptor *	owner,
+                task_t			intoTask,
+                IOVirtualAddress	toAddress,
+                IOOptionBits		options,
+                IOByteCount		offset,
+                IOByteCount		length );
+
+    bool initCompatible(
+	IOMemoryDescriptor *	memory,
+	IOMemoryMap *		superMap,
+        IOByteCount		offset,
+        IOByteCount		length );
+
+    bool initWithDescriptor(
+	IOMemoryDescriptor *	memory,
+	task_t			intoTask,
+	IOVirtualAddress	toAddress,
+	IOOptionBits		options,
+        IOByteCount		offset,
+        IOByteCount		length );
+
+    IOReturn redirect(
+	task_t			intoTask, bool redirect );
+};
+
+/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
+
+// Some data structures and accessor macros used by the initWithOptions
+// Function
+
+enum ioPLBlockFlags {
+    kIOPLOnDevice  = 0x00000001,
+    kIOPLExternUPL = 0x00000002,
+};
+
+struct typePersMDData
+{
+    const IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor *fMD;
+    ipc_port_t fMemEntry;
+};
+
+struct ioPLBlock {
+    upl_t fIOPL;
+    vm_address_t fIOMDOffset;	// The offset of this iopl in descriptor
+    vm_offset_t fPageInfo;	// Pointer to page list or index into it
+    ppnum_t fMappedBase;	// Page number of first page in this iopl
+    unsigned int fPageOffset;	// Offset within first page of iopl
+    unsigned int fFlags;	// Flags
+};
+
+struct ioGMDData {
+    IOMapper *fMapper;
+    unsigned int fPageCnt;
+    upl_page_info_t fPageList[];
+    ioPLBlock fBlocks[];
+};
+
+#define getDataP(osd)	((ioGMDData *) (osd)->getBytesNoCopy())
+#define getIOPLList(d)	((ioPLBlock *) &(d->fPageList[d->fPageCnt]))
+#define getNumIOPL(osd, d)	\
+    (((osd)->getLength() - ((char *) getIOPLList(d) - (char *) d)) / sizeof(ioPLBlock))
+#define getPageList(d)	(&(d->fPageList[0]))
+#define computeDataSize(p, u) \
+    (sizeof(ioGMDData) + p * sizeof(upl_page_info_t) + u * sizeof(ioPLBlock))
+
+
+/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
+
+#define next_page(a) ( trunc_page_32(a) + PAGE_SIZE )
 
 
 extern "C" {
@@ -124,26 +241,67 @@
                vm_object_offset_t      offset, 
                vm_size_t               size)
 {
-    IOMemoryDescriptor * memDesc = (IOMemoryDescriptor *) device_handle;
-
-    assert( OSDynamicCast( IOMemoryDescriptor, memDesc ));
-
-    return( memDesc->handleFault( device_pager, 0, 0,
-                offset, size, kIOMapDefaultCache /*?*/));
+    struct ExpansionData {
+        void *				devicePager;
+        unsigned int			pagerContig:1;
+        unsigned int			unused:31;
+	IOMemoryDescriptor *		memory;
+    };
+    kern_return_t	 kr;
+    ExpansionData *      ref = (ExpansionData *) device_handle;
+    IOMemoryDescriptor * memDesc;
+
+    LOCK;
+    memDesc = ref->memory;
+    if( memDesc)
+    {
+	memDesc->retain();
+	kr = memDesc->handleFault( device_pager, 0, 0,
+                offset, size, kIOMapDefaultCache /*?*/);
+	memDesc->release();
+    }
+    else
+	kr = KERN_ABORTED;
+    UNLOCK;
+
+    return( kr );
 }
 
 kern_return_t device_close(
                int     device_handle)
 {
-    IOMemoryDescriptor * memDesc = (IOMemoryDescriptor *) device_handle;
-
-    assert( OSDynamicCast( IOMemoryDescriptor, memDesc ));
-
-    memDesc->release();
+    struct ExpansionData {
+        void *				devicePager;
+        unsigned int			pagerContig:1;
+        unsigned int			unused:31;
+	IOMemoryDescriptor *		memory;
+    };
+    ExpansionData *   ref = (ExpansionData *) device_handle;
+
+    IODelete( ref, ExpansionData, 1 );
 
     return( kIOReturnSuccess );
 }
-
+};	// end extern "C"
+
+// Note this inline function uses C++ reference arguments to return values
+// This means that pointers are not passed and NULLs don't have to be
+// checked for as a NULL reference is illegal.
+static inline void
+getAddrLenForInd(user_addr_t &addr, IOPhysicalLength &len, // Output variables
+     UInt32 type, IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::Ranges r, UInt32 ind)
+{
+    assert(kIOMemoryTypePhysical == type || kIOMemoryTypeUIO == type
+	|| kIOMemoryTypeVirtual  == type);
+    if (kIOMemoryTypeUIO == type) {
+	user_size_t us;
+	uio_getiov((uio_t) r.uio, ind, &addr, &us); len = us;
+    }
+    else {
+	IOVirtualRange cur = r.v[ind];
+	addr = cur.address;
+	len  = cur.length;
+    }
 }
 
 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
@@ -157,13 +315,23 @@
  */
 IOMemoryDescriptor *
 IOMemoryDescriptor::withAddress(void *      address,
-                                IOByteCount   withLength,
-                                IODirection withDirection)
+                                IOByteCount   length,
+                                IODirection direction)
+{
+    return IOMemoryDescriptor::
+        withAddress((vm_address_t) address, length, direction, kernel_task);
+}
+
+IOMemoryDescriptor *
+IOMemoryDescriptor::withAddress(vm_address_t address,
+                                IOByteCount  length,
+                                IODirection  direction,
+                                task_t       task)
 {
     IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor * that = new IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor;
     if (that)
     {
-	if (that->initWithAddress(address, withLength, withDirection))
+	if (that->initWithAddress(address, length, direction, task))
 	    return that;
 
         that->release();
@@ -172,30 +340,37 @@
 }
 
 IOMemoryDescriptor *
-IOMemoryDescriptor::withAddress(vm_address_t address,
-                                IOByteCount  withLength,
-                                IODirection  withDirection,
-                                task_t       withTask)
+IOMemoryDescriptor::withPhysicalAddress(
+				IOPhysicalAddress	address,
+				IOByteCount		length,
+				IODirection      	direction )
+{
+    IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor *self = new IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor;
+    if (self
+    && !self->initWithPhysicalAddress(address, length, direction)) {
+        self->release();
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+IOMemoryDescriptor *
+IOMemoryDescriptor::withRanges(	IOVirtualRange * ranges,
+				UInt32           withCount,
+				IODirection      direction,
+				task_t           task,
+				bool             asReference)
 {
     IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor * that = new IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor;
     if (that)
     {
-	if (that->initWithAddress(address, withLength, withDirection, withTask))
+	if (that->initWithRanges(ranges, withCount, direction, task, asReference))
 	    return that;
 
         that->release();
     }
     return 0;
-}
-
-IOMemoryDescriptor *
-IOMemoryDescriptor::withPhysicalAddress(
-				IOPhysicalAddress	address,
-				IOByteCount		withLength,
-				IODirection      	withDirection )
-{
-    return( IOMemoryDescriptor::withAddress( address, withLength,
-					withDirection, (task_t) 0  ));
 }
 
 
@@ -208,33 +383,48 @@
  * Passing the ranges as a reference will avoid an extra allocation.
  */
 IOMemoryDescriptor *
-IOMemoryDescriptor::withRanges(	IOVirtualRange * ranges,
-				UInt32           withCount,
-				IODirection      withDirection,
-				task_t           withTask,
-				bool             asReference = false)
+IOMemoryDescriptor::withOptions(void *		buffers,
+                                UInt32		count,
+                                UInt32		offset,
+                                task_t		task,
+                                IOOptionBits	opts,
+                                IOMapper *	mapper)
+{
+    IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor *self = new IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor;
+
+    if (self
+    && !self->initWithOptions(buffers, count, offset, task, opts, mapper))
+    {
+        self->release();
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+// Can't leave abstract but this should never be used directly,
+bool IOMemoryDescriptor::initWithOptions(void *		buffers,
+                                         UInt32		count,
+                                         UInt32		offset,
+                                         task_t		task,
+                                         IOOptionBits	options,
+                                         IOMapper *	mapper)
+{
+    // @@@ gvdl: Should I panic?
+    panic("IOMD::initWithOptions called\n");
+    return 0;
+}
+
+IOMemoryDescriptor *
+IOMemoryDescriptor::withPhysicalRanges(	IOPhysicalRange * ranges,
+                                        UInt32          withCount,
+                                        IODirection     direction,
+                                        bool            asReference)
 {
     IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor * that = new IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor;
     if (that)
     {
-	if (that->initWithRanges(ranges, withCount, withDirection, withTask, asReference))
-	    return that;
-
-        that->release();
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-IOMemoryDescriptor *
-IOMemoryDescriptor::withPhysicalRanges(	IOPhysicalRange * ranges,
-                                        UInt32          withCount,
-                                        IODirection     withDirection,
-                                        bool            asReference = false)
-{
-    IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor * that = new IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor;
-    if (that)
-    {
-	if (that->initWithPhysicalRanges(ranges, withCount, withDirection, asReference))
+	if (that->initWithPhysicalRanges(ranges, withCount, direction, asReference))
 	    return that;
 
         that->release();
@@ -246,15 +436,96 @@
 IOMemoryDescriptor::withSubRange(IOMemoryDescriptor *	of,
 				IOByteCount		offset,
 				IOByteCount		length,
-				IODirection		withDirection)
-{
-    IOSubMemoryDescriptor * that = new IOSubMemoryDescriptor;
-
-    if (that && !that->initSubRange(of, offset, length, withDirection)) {
-        that->release();
-	that = 0;
-    }
-    return that;
+				IODirection		direction)
+{
+    IOSubMemoryDescriptor *self = new IOSubMemoryDescriptor;
+
+    if (self && !self->initSubRange(of, offset, length, direction)) {
+        self->release();
+	self = 0;
+    }
+    return self;
+}
+
+IOMemoryDescriptor * IOMemoryDescriptor::
+    withPersistentMemoryDescriptor(IOMemoryDescriptor *originalMD)
+{
+    IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor *origGenMD = 
+	OSDynamicCast(IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor, originalMD);
+
+    if (origGenMD)
+	return IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::
+	    withPersistentMemoryDescriptor(origGenMD);
+    else
+	return 0;
+}
+
+IOMemoryDescriptor * IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::
+    withPersistentMemoryDescriptor(IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor *originalMD)
+{
+    ipc_port_t sharedMem = (ipc_port_t) originalMD->createNamedEntry();
+
+    if (!sharedMem)
+	return 0;
+   
+    if (sharedMem == originalMD->_memEntry) {
+	originalMD->retain();		    // Add a new reference to ourselves
+	ipc_port_release_send(sharedMem);   // Remove extra send right
+	return originalMD;
+    }
+
+    IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor * self = new IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor;
+    typePersMDData initData = { originalMD, sharedMem };
+
+    if (self
+    && !self->initWithOptions(&initData, 1, 0, 0, kIOMemoryTypePersistentMD, 0)) {
+        self->release();
+	self = 0;
+    }
+    return self;
+}
+
+void *IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::createNamedEntry()
+{
+    kern_return_t error;
+    ipc_port_t sharedMem;
+
+    IOOptionBits type = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
+
+    user_addr_t range0Addr;
+    IOByteCount range0Len;
+    getAddrLenForInd(range0Addr, range0Len, type, _ranges, 0);
+    range0Addr = trunc_page_64(range0Addr);
+
+    vm_size_t size = ptoa_32(_pages);
+    vm_address_t kernelPage = (vm_address_t) range0Addr;
+
+    vm_map_t theMap = ((_task == kernel_task)
+			&& (kIOMemoryBufferPageable & _flags)) 
+		    ? IOPageableMapForAddress(kernelPage)
+		    : get_task_map(_task);
+
+    memory_object_size_t  actualSize = size;
+    vm_prot_t prot = VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE;
+    if (_memEntry)
+	prot |= MAP_MEM_NAMED_REUSE;
+
+    error = mach_make_memory_entry_64(theMap,
+	    &actualSize, range0Addr, prot, &sharedMem, (ipc_port_t) _memEntry);
+
+    if (KERN_SUCCESS == error) {
+	if (actualSize == size) {
+	    return sharedMem;
+	} else {
+#if IOASSERT
+	    IOLog("IOGMD::mach_make_memory_entry_64 (%08llx) size (%08lx:%08x)\n",
+			(UInt64)range0Addr, (UInt32)actualSize, size);
+#endif    
+	    ipc_port_release_send( sharedMem );
+	}
+    }
+
+    return MACH_PORT_NULL;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -304,29 +575,120 @@
     return initWithPhysicalRanges( &_singleRange.p, 1, withDirection, true);
 }
 
+bool
+IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::initWithPhysicalRanges(
+                                IOPhysicalRange * ranges,
+                                UInt32            count,
+                                IODirection       direction,
+                                bool              reference)
+{
+    IOOptionBits mdOpts = direction | kIOMemoryTypePhysical;
+
+    if (reference)
+        mdOpts |= kIOMemoryAsReference;
+
+    return initWithOptions(ranges, count, 0, 0, mdOpts, /* mapper */ 0);
+}
+
+bool
+IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::initWithRanges(
+                                   IOVirtualRange * ranges,
+                                   UInt32           count,
+                                   IODirection      direction,
+                                   task_t           task,
+                                   bool             reference)
+{
+    IOOptionBits mdOpts = direction;
+
+    if (reference)
+        mdOpts |= kIOMemoryAsReference;
+
+    if (task) {
+        mdOpts |= kIOMemoryTypeVirtual;
+
+	// Auto-prepare if this is a kernel memory descriptor as very few
+	// clients bother to prepare() kernel memory.
+	// But it was not  enforced so what are you going to do?
+        if (task == kernel_task)
+            mdOpts |= kIOMemoryAutoPrepare;
+    }
+    else
+        mdOpts |= kIOMemoryTypePhysical;
+    
+    return initWithOptions(ranges, count, 0, task, mdOpts, /* mapper */ 0);
+}
+
 /*
- * initWithRanges:
+ * initWithOptions:
  *
- * Initialize an IOMemoryDescriptor. The buffer is made up of several
- * virtual address ranges, from a given task
+ *  IOMemoryDescriptor. The buffer is made up of several virtual address ranges,
+ * from a given task, several physical ranges, an UPL from the ubc
+ * system or a uio (may be 64bit) from the BSD subsystem.
  *
  * Passing the ranges as a reference will avoid an extra allocation.
  *
- * An IOMemoryDescriptor can be re-used by calling initWithAddress or
- * initWithRanges again on an existing instance -- note this behavior
- * is not commonly supported in other I/O Kit classes, although it is
- * supported here.
+ * An IOMemoryDescriptor can be re-used by calling initWithOptions again on an
+ * existing instance -- note this behavior is not commonly supported in other
+ * I/O Kit classes, although it is supported here.
  */
+
 bool
-IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::initWithRanges(
-                                   IOVirtualRange * ranges,
-                                   UInt32           withCount,
-                                   IODirection      withDirection,
-                                   task_t           withTask,
-                                   bool             asReference = false)
-{
-    assert(ranges);
-    assert(withCount);
+IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::initWithOptions(void *	buffers,
+                                           UInt32	count,
+                                           UInt32	offset,
+                                           task_t	task,
+                                           IOOptionBits	options,
+                                           IOMapper *	mapper)
+{
+    IOOptionBits type = options & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
+
+    // Grab the original MD's configuation data to initialse the
+    // arguments to this function.
+    if (kIOMemoryTypePersistentMD == type) {
+
+	typePersMDData *initData = (typePersMDData *) buffers;
+	const IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor *orig = initData->fMD;
+	ioGMDData *dataP = getDataP(orig->_memoryEntries);
+
+	// Only accept persistent memory descriptors with valid dataP data.
+	assert(orig->_rangesCount == 1);
+	if ( !(orig->_flags & kIOMemoryPersistent) || !dataP)
+	    return false;
+
+	_memEntry = initData->fMemEntry;	// Grab the new named entry
+	options = orig->_flags | kIOMemoryAsReference; 
+	_singleRange = orig->_singleRange;	// Initialise our range
+	buffers = &_singleRange;
+	count = 1;
+
+	// Now grab the original task and whatever mapper was previously used
+	task = orig->_task;
+	mapper = dataP->fMapper;
+
+	// We are ready to go through the original initialisation now
+    }
+
+    switch (type) {
+    case kIOMemoryTypeUIO:
+    case kIOMemoryTypeVirtual:
+        assert(task);
+        if (!task)
+            return false;
+        else
+            break;
+
+    case kIOMemoryTypePhysical:		// Neither Physical nor UPL should have a task
+	mapper = kIOMapperNone;
+
+    case kIOMemoryTypeUPL:
+        assert(!task);
+        break;
+    default:
+        return false;	/* bad argument */
+    }
+
+    assert(buffers);
+    assert(count);
 
     /*
      * We can check the _initialized  instance variable before having ever set
@@ -334,19 +696,11 @@
      * variables are zeroed on an object's allocation.
      */
 
-    if (_initialized == false)
-    {
-        if (super::init() == false)  return false;
-        _initialized = true;
-    }
-    else
-    {
+    if (_initialized) {
         /*
          * An existing memory descriptor is being retargeted to point to
          * somewhere else.  Clean up our present state.
          */
-
-        assert(_wireCount == 0);
 
         while (_wireCount)
             complete();
@@ -354,55 +708,156 @@
             unmapFromKernel();
         if (_ranges.v && _rangesIsAllocated)
             IODelete(_ranges.v, IOVirtualRange, _rangesCount);
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * Initialize the memory descriptor.
-     */
-
-    _ranges.v              = 0;
-    _rangesCount           = withCount;
-    _rangesIsAllocated     = asReference ? false : true;
-    _direction             = withDirection;
-    _length                = 0;
-    _task                  = withTask;
+	if (_memEntry)
+	    { ipc_port_release_send((ipc_port_t) _memEntry); _memEntry = 0; }
+    }
+    else {
+        if (!super::init())
+            return false;
+        _initialized = true;
+    }
+
+    // Grab the appropriate mapper
+    if (mapper == kIOMapperNone)
+        mapper = 0;	// No Mapper
+    else if (!mapper) {
+        IOMapper::checkForSystemMapper();
+        gIOSystemMapper = mapper = IOMapper::gSystem;
+    }
+
+    // Remove the dynamic internal use flags from the initial setting
+    options 		  &= ~(kIOMemoryPreparedReadOnly);
+    _flags		   = options;
+    _task                  = task;
+
+    // DEPRECATED variable initialisation
+    _direction             = (IODirection) (_flags & kIOMemoryDirectionMask);
     _position              = 0;
-    _positionAtIndex       = 0;
-    _positionAtOffset      = 0;
     _kernPtrAligned        = 0;
     _cachedPhysicalAddress = 0;
     _cachedVirtualAddress  = 0;
-    _flags		   = 0;
-
-    if (withTask && (withTask != kernel_task))
-        _flags |= kIOMemoryRequiresWire;
-
-    if (asReference)
-        _ranges.v = ranges;
-    else
-    {
-        _ranges.v = IONew(IOVirtualRange, withCount);
-        if (_ranges.v == 0)  return false;
-        bcopy(/* from */ ranges, _ranges.v, withCount * sizeof(IOVirtualRange));
-    } 
-
-    for (unsigned index = 0; index < _rangesCount; index++)
-    {
-        _length += _ranges.v[index].length;
+
+    if (kIOMemoryTypeUPL == type) {
+
+        ioGMDData *dataP;
+        unsigned int dataSize = computeDataSize(/* pages */ 0, /* upls */ 1);
+
+        if (!_memoryEntries) {
+            _memoryEntries = OSData::withCapacity(dataSize);
+            if (!_memoryEntries)
+                return false;
+        }
+        else if (!_memoryEntries->initWithCapacity(dataSize))
+            return false;
+
+        _memoryEntries->appendBytes(0, sizeof(ioGMDData));
+        dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
+        dataP->fMapper = mapper;
+        dataP->fPageCnt = 0;
+
+        _wireCount++;	// UPLs start out life wired
+
+        _length    = count;
+        _pages    += atop_32(offset + count + PAGE_MASK) - atop_32(offset);
+
+        ioPLBlock iopl;
+        upl_page_info_t *pageList = UPL_GET_INTERNAL_PAGE_LIST((upl_t) buffers);
+
+        iopl.fIOPL = (upl_t) buffers;
+        // Set the flag kIOPLOnDevice convieniently equal to 1
+        iopl.fFlags  = pageList->device | kIOPLExternUPL;
+        iopl.fIOMDOffset = 0;
+        if (!pageList->device) {
+            // Pre-compute the offset into the UPL's page list
+            pageList = &pageList[atop_32(offset)];
+            offset &= PAGE_MASK;
+            if (mapper) {
+                iopl.fMappedBase = mapper->iovmAlloc(_pages);
+                mapper->iovmInsert(iopl.fMappedBase, 0, pageList, _pages);
+            }
+	    else
+		iopl.fMappedBase = 0;
+        }
+	else
+	    iopl.fMappedBase = 0;
+        iopl.fPageInfo = (vm_address_t) pageList;
+        iopl.fPageOffset = offset;
+
+        _memoryEntries->appendBytes(&iopl, sizeof(iopl));
+    }
+    else {
+	// kIOMemoryTypeVirtual | kIOMemoryTypeUIO | kIOMemoryTypePhysical
+	
+	// Initialize the memory descriptor
+	if (options & kIOMemoryAsReference) {
+	    _rangesIsAllocated = false;
+
+	    // Hack assignment to get the buffer arg into _ranges.
+	    // I'd prefer to do _ranges = (Ranges) buffers, but that doesn't
+	    // work, C++ sigh.
+	    // This also initialises the uio & physical ranges.
+	    _ranges.v = (IOVirtualRange *) buffers;
+	}
+	else {
+	    assert(kIOMemoryTypeUIO != type);
+
+	    _rangesIsAllocated = true;
+	    _ranges.v = IONew(IOVirtualRange, count);
+	    if (!_ranges.v)
+                return false;
+	    bcopy(buffers, _ranges.v, count * sizeof(IOVirtualRange));
+	} 
+
+	// Find starting address within the vector of ranges
+	Ranges vec = _ranges;
+	UInt32 length = 0;
+	UInt32 pages = 0;
+	for (unsigned ind = 0; ind < count;  ind++) {
+	    user_addr_t addr;
+	    UInt32 len;
+
+	    // addr & len are returned by this function
+	    getAddrLenForInd(addr, len, type, vec, ind);
+	    pages += (atop_64(addr + len + PAGE_MASK) - atop_64(addr));
+	    len += length;
+	    assert(len > length);	// Check for 32 bit wrap around
+	    length = len;
+	} 
+	_length      = length;
+	_pages       = pages;
+	_rangesCount = count;
+
+        // Auto-prepare memory at creation time.
+        // Implied completion when descriptor is free-ed
+        if (kIOMemoryTypePhysical == type)
+            _wireCount++;	// Physical MDs are, by definition, wired
+        else { /* kIOMemoryTypeVirtual | kIOMemoryTypeUIO */
+            ioGMDData *dataP;
+            unsigned dataSize = computeDataSize(_pages, /* upls */ count * 2);
+
+            if (!_memoryEntries) {
+                _memoryEntries = OSData::withCapacity(dataSize);
+                if (!_memoryEntries)
+		    return false;
+            }
+            else if (!_memoryEntries->initWithCapacity(dataSize))
+                return false;
+    
+            _memoryEntries->appendBytes(0, sizeof(ioGMDData));
+            dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
+            dataP->fMapper = mapper;
+            dataP->fPageCnt = _pages;
+
+	    if ( (kIOMemoryPersistent & _flags) && !_memEntry)
+		_memEntry = createNamedEntry();
+
+            if ((_flags & kIOMemoryAutoPrepare)
+             && prepare() != kIOReturnSuccess)
+                return false;
+        }
     }
 
     return true;
-}
-
-bool
-IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::initWithPhysicalRanges(	IOPhysicalRange * ranges,
-                                        	UInt32           withCount,
-                                        	IODirection      withDirection,
-                                        	bool             asReference = false)
-{
-#warning assuming virtual, physical addresses same size
-    return( initWithRanges( (IOVirtualRange *) ranges,
-			withCount, withDirection, (task_t) 0, asReference ));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -412,96 +867,40 @@
  */
 void IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::free()
 {
+    LOCK;
+    if( reserved)
+	reserved->memory = 0;
+    UNLOCK;
+
     while (_wireCount)
         complete();
+    if (_memoryEntries)
+        _memoryEntries->release();
+
     if (_kernPtrAligned)
         unmapFromKernel();
     if (_ranges.v && _rangesIsAllocated)
         IODelete(_ranges.v, IOVirtualRange, _rangesCount);
-    if( _memEntry)
+
+    if (reserved && reserved->devicePager)
+	device_pager_deallocate( (memory_object_t) reserved->devicePager );
+
+    // memEntry holds a ref on the device pager which owns reserved
+    // (ExpansionData) so no reserved access after this point
+    if (_memEntry)
         ipc_port_release_send( (ipc_port_t) _memEntry );
+
     super::free();
 }
 
 /* DEPRECATED */ void IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::unmapFromKernel()
 /* DEPRECATED */ {
-/* DEPRECATED */     kern_return_t krtn;
-/* DEPRECATED */     vm_offset_t off;
-/* DEPRECATED */     // Pull the shared pages out of the task map
-/* DEPRECATED */     // Do we need to unwire it first?
-/* DEPRECATED */     for ( off = 0; off < _kernSize; off += page_size )
-/* DEPRECATED */     {
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	pmap_change_wiring(
-/* DEPRECATED */ 			kernel_pmap,
-/* DEPRECATED */ 			_kernPtrAligned + off,
-/* DEPRECATED */ 			FALSE);
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	pmap_remove(
-/* DEPRECATED */ 			kernel_pmap,
-/* DEPRECATED */ 			_kernPtrAligned + off,
-/* DEPRECATED */ 			_kernPtrAligned + off + page_size);
-/* DEPRECATED */     }
-/* DEPRECATED */     // Free the former shmem area in the task
-/* DEPRECATED */     krtn = vm_deallocate(kernel_map,
-/* DEPRECATED */ 			_kernPtrAligned,
-/* DEPRECATED */ 			_kernSize );
-/* DEPRECATED */     assert(krtn == KERN_SUCCESS);
-/* DEPRECATED */     _kernPtrAligned = 0;
+                    panic("IOGMD::unmapFromKernel deprecated");
 /* DEPRECATED */ }
 /* DEPRECATED */ 
 /* DEPRECATED */ void IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::mapIntoKernel(unsigned rangeIndex)
 /* DEPRECATED */ {
-/* DEPRECATED */     kern_return_t krtn;
-/* DEPRECATED */     vm_offset_t off;
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */     if (_kernPtrAligned)
-/* DEPRECATED */     {
-/* DEPRECATED */         if (_kernPtrAtIndex == rangeIndex)  return;
-/* DEPRECATED */         unmapFromKernel();
-/* DEPRECATED */         assert(_kernPtrAligned == 0);
-/* DEPRECATED */     }
-/* DEPRECATED */  
-/* DEPRECATED */     vm_offset_t srcAlign = trunc_page(_ranges.v[rangeIndex].address);
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */     _kernSize = trunc_page(_ranges.v[rangeIndex].address +
-/* DEPRECATED */                            _ranges.v[rangeIndex].length  +
-/* DEPRECATED */                            page_size - 1) - srcAlign;
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */     /* Find some memory of the same size in kernel task.  We use vm_allocate() */
-/* DEPRECATED */     /* to do this. vm_allocate inserts the found memory object in the */
-/* DEPRECATED */     /* target task's map as a side effect. */
-/* DEPRECATED */     krtn = vm_allocate( kernel_map,
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	    &_kernPtrAligned,
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	    _kernSize,
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	    VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE|VM_MAKE_TAG(VM_MEMORY_IOKIT) );  // Find first fit
-/* DEPRECATED */     assert(krtn == KERN_SUCCESS);
-/* DEPRECATED */     if(krtn)  return;
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */     /* For each page in the area allocated from the kernel map, */
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	 /* find the physical address of the page. */
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	 /* Enter the page in the target task's pmap, at the */
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	 /* appropriate target task virtual address. */
-/* DEPRECATED */     for ( off = 0; off < _kernSize; off += page_size )
-/* DEPRECATED */     {
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	vm_offset_t kern_phys_addr, phys_addr;
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	if( _task)
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	    phys_addr = pmap_extract( get_task_pmap(_task), srcAlign + off );
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	else
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	    phys_addr = srcAlign + off;
-/* DEPRECATED */         assert(phys_addr);
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	if(phys_addr == 0)  return;
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	// Check original state.
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	kern_phys_addr = pmap_extract( kernel_pmap, _kernPtrAligned + off );
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	// Set virtual page to point to the right physical one
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	pmap_enter(
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	    kernel_pmap,
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	    _kernPtrAligned + off,
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	    phys_addr,
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	    VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	    TRUE);
-/* DEPRECATED */     }
-/* DEPRECATED */     _kernPtrAtIndex = rangeIndex;
+                    panic("IOGMD::mapIntoKernel deprecated");
 /* DEPRECATED */ }
 
 /*
@@ -524,8 +923,7 @@
     return _length;
 }
 
-void IOMemoryDescriptor::setTag(
-	IOOptionBits		tag )
+void IOMemoryDescriptor::setTag( IOOptionBits tag )
 {
     _tag = tag;    
 }
@@ -535,291 +933,328 @@
     return( _tag);
 }
 
+// @@@ gvdl: who is using this API?  Seems like a wierd thing to implement.
 IOPhysicalAddress IOMemoryDescriptor::getSourceSegment( IOByteCount   offset,
                                                         IOByteCount * length )
 {
-    IOPhysicalAddress physAddr;
-
-    prepare();
-    physAddr = getPhysicalSegment( offset, length );
-    complete();
+    IOPhysicalAddress physAddr = 0;
+
+    if( prepare() == kIOReturnSuccess) {
+        physAddr = getPhysicalSegment( offset, length );
+        complete();
+    }
 
     return( physAddr );
 }
 
-IOByteCount IOMemoryDescriptor::readBytes( IOByteCount offset,
-                                                  void *      bytes,
-                                                  IOByteCount withLength )
-{
-    IOByteCount bytesCopied = 0;
-
-    assert(offset <= _length);
-    assert(offset <= _length - withLength);
-
-    if ( offset < _length )
-    {
-        withLength = min(withLength, _length - offset);
-
-        while ( withLength ) // (process another source segment?)
-        {
-            IOPhysicalAddress sourceSegment;
-            IOByteCount       sourceSegmentLength;
-
-            sourceSegment = getPhysicalSegment(offset, &sourceSegmentLength);
-            if ( sourceSegment == 0 )  goto readBytesErr;
-
-            sourceSegmentLength = min(sourceSegmentLength, withLength);
-
-            while ( sourceSegmentLength ) // (process another target segment?)
-            {
-                IOPhysicalAddress targetSegment;
-                IOByteCount       targetSegmentLength;
-
-                targetSegment = pmap_extract_safe(kernel_task, (vm_offset_t) bytes);
-                if ( targetSegment == 0 )  goto readBytesErr;
-
-                targetSegmentLength = min(next_page(targetSegment) - targetSegment, sourceSegmentLength);
-
-                if ( sourceSegment + targetSegmentLength > next_page(sourceSegment) )
-                {
-                    IOByteCount pageLength;
-
-                    pageLength = next_page(sourceSegment) - sourceSegment;
-
-                    bcopy_phys_safe( /* from */ (char *) sourceSegment, 
-                                     /* to   */ (char *) targetSegment,
-                                     /* size */ (int   ) pageLength );
-
-                    ((UInt8 *) bytes)   += pageLength;
-                    bytesCopied         += pageLength;
-                    offset              += pageLength;
-                    sourceSegment       += pageLength;
-                    sourceSegmentLength -= pageLength;
-                    targetSegment       += pageLength;
-                    targetSegmentLength -= pageLength;
-                    withLength          -= pageLength;
-                }
-
-                bcopy_phys_safe( /* from */ (char *) sourceSegment, 
-                                 /* to   */ (char *) targetSegment,
-                                 /* size */ (int   ) targetSegmentLength );
-
-                ((UInt8 *) bytes)   += targetSegmentLength;
-                bytesCopied         += targetSegmentLength;
-                offset              += targetSegmentLength;
-                sourceSegment       += targetSegmentLength;
-                sourceSegmentLength -= targetSegmentLength;
-                withLength          -= targetSegmentLength;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-readBytesErr:
-
-    if ( bytesCopied )
-    {
-        // We mark the destination pages as modified, just
-        // in case they are made pageable later on in life.
-
-        pmap_modify_pages( /* pmap  */ kernel_pmap,       
-                           /* start */ trunc_page(((vm_offset_t) bytes) - bytesCopied),
-                           /* end   */ round_page(((vm_offset_t) bytes)) );
-    }
-
-    return bytesCopied;
-}
-
-IOByteCount IOMemoryDescriptor::writeBytes( IOByteCount  offset,
-                                                   const void * bytes,
-                                                   IOByteCount  withLength )
-{
-    IOByteCount bytesCopied = 0;
-
-    assert(offset <= _length);
-    assert(offset <= _length - withLength);
-
-    if ( offset < _length )
-    {
-        withLength = min(withLength, _length - offset);
-
-        while ( withLength ) // (process another target segment?)
-        {
-            IOPhysicalAddress targetSegment;
-            IOByteCount       targetSegmentLength;
-
-            targetSegment = getPhysicalSegment(offset, &targetSegmentLength);
-            if ( targetSegment == 0 )  goto writeBytesErr;
-
-            targetSegmentLength = min(targetSegmentLength, withLength);
-
-            while ( targetSegmentLength ) // (process another source segment?)
-            {
-                IOPhysicalAddress sourceSegment;
-                IOByteCount       sourceSegmentLength;
-
-                sourceSegment = pmap_extract_safe(kernel_task, (vm_offset_t) bytes);
-                if ( sourceSegment == 0 )  goto writeBytesErr;
-
-                sourceSegmentLength = min(next_page(sourceSegment) - sourceSegment, targetSegmentLength);
-
-                if ( targetSegment + sourceSegmentLength > next_page(targetSegment) )
-                {
-                    IOByteCount pageLength;
-
-                    pageLength = next_page(targetSegment) - targetSegment;
-
-                    bcopy_phys_safe( /* from */ (char *) sourceSegment, 
-                                     /* to   */ (char *) targetSegment,
-                                     /* size */ (int   ) pageLength );
-
-                    // We flush the data cache in case it is code we've copied,
-                    // such that the instruction cache is in the know about it.
-
-                    flush_dcache(targetSegment, pageLength, true);
-
-                    ((UInt8 *) bytes)   += pageLength;
-                    bytesCopied         += pageLength;
-                    offset              += pageLength;
-                    sourceSegment       += pageLength;
-                    sourceSegmentLength -= pageLength;
-                    targetSegment       += pageLength;
-                    targetSegmentLength -= pageLength;
-                    withLength          -= pageLength;
-                }
-
-                bcopy_phys_safe( /* from */ (char *) sourceSegment, 
-                                 /* to   */ (char *) targetSegment,
-                                 /* size */ (int   ) sourceSegmentLength );
-
-                // We flush the data cache in case it is code we've copied,
-                // such that the instruction cache is in the know about it.
-
-                flush_dcache(targetSegment, sourceSegmentLength, true);
-
-                ((UInt8 *) bytes)   += sourceSegmentLength;
-                bytesCopied         += sourceSegmentLength;
-                offset              += sourceSegmentLength;
-                targetSegment       += sourceSegmentLength;
-                targetSegmentLength -= sourceSegmentLength;
-                withLength          -= sourceSegmentLength;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-writeBytesErr:
-
-    return bytesCopied;
-}
+IOByteCount IOMemoryDescriptor::readBytes
+                (IOByteCount offset, void *bytes, IOByteCount length)
+{
+    addr64_t dstAddr = (addr64_t) (UInt32) bytes;
+    IOByteCount remaining;
+
+    // Assert that this entire I/O is withing the available range
+    assert(offset < _length);
+    assert(offset + length <= _length);
+    if (offset >= _length) {
+IOLog("IOGMD(%p): rB = o%lx, l%lx\n", this, offset, length);	// @@@ gvdl
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    remaining = length = min(length, _length - offset);
+    while (remaining) {	// (process another target segment?)
+        addr64_t	srcAddr64;
+        IOByteCount	srcLen;
+
+        srcAddr64 = getPhysicalSegment64(offset, &srcLen);
+        if (!srcAddr64)
+            break;
+
+        // Clip segment length to remaining
+        if (srcLen > remaining)
+            srcLen = remaining;
+
+        copypv(srcAddr64, dstAddr, srcLen,
+                            cppvPsrc | cppvNoRefSrc | cppvFsnk | cppvKmap);
+
+        dstAddr   += srcLen;
+        offset    += srcLen;
+        remaining -= srcLen;
+    }
+
+    assert(!remaining);
+
+    return length - remaining;
+}
+
+IOByteCount IOMemoryDescriptor::writeBytes
+                (IOByteCount offset, const void *bytes, IOByteCount length)
+{
+    addr64_t srcAddr = (addr64_t) (UInt32) bytes;
+    IOByteCount remaining;
+
+    // Assert that this entire I/O is withing the available range
+    assert(offset < _length);
+    assert(offset + length <= _length);
+
+    assert( !(kIOMemoryPreparedReadOnly & _flags) );
+
+    if ( (kIOMemoryPreparedReadOnly & _flags) || offset >= _length) {
+IOLog("IOGMD(%p): wB = o%lx, l%lx\n", this, offset, length);	// @@@ gvdl
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    remaining = length = min(length, _length - offset);
+    while (remaining) {	// (process another target segment?)
+        addr64_t    dstAddr64;
+        IOByteCount dstLen;
+
+        dstAddr64 = getPhysicalSegment64(offset, &dstLen);
+        if (!dstAddr64)
+            break;
+
+        // Clip segment length to remaining
+        if (dstLen > remaining)
+            dstLen = remaining;
+
+        copypv(srcAddr, (addr64_t) dstAddr64, dstLen,
+                            cppvPsnk | cppvFsnk | cppvNoRefSrc | cppvNoModSnk | cppvKmap);
+
+        srcAddr   += dstLen;
+        offset    += dstLen;
+        remaining -= dstLen;
+    }
+
+    assert(!remaining);
+
+    return length - remaining;
+}
+
+// osfmk/device/iokit_rpc.c
+extern "C" unsigned int IODefaultCacheBits(addr64_t pa);
 
 /* DEPRECATED */ void IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::setPosition(IOByteCount position)
 /* DEPRECATED */ {
-/* DEPRECATED */     assert(position <= _length);
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */     if (position >= _length)
-/* DEPRECATED */     {
-/* DEPRECATED */         _position         = _length;
-/* DEPRECATED */         _positionAtIndex  = _rangesCount; /* careful: out-of-bounds */
-/* DEPRECATED */         _positionAtOffset = 0;
-/* DEPRECATED */         return;
-/* DEPRECATED */     }
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */     if (position < _position)
-/* DEPRECATED */     {
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	_positionAtOffset = position;
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	_positionAtIndex  = 0;
-/* DEPRECATED */     }
-/* DEPRECATED */     else
-/* DEPRECATED */     {
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	_positionAtOffset += (position - _position);
-/* DEPRECATED */     }
-/* DEPRECATED */     _position = position;
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */     while (_positionAtOffset >= _ranges.v[_positionAtIndex].length)
-/* DEPRECATED */     {
-/* DEPRECATED */         _positionAtOffset -= _ranges.v[_positionAtIndex].length;
-/* DEPRECATED */         _positionAtIndex++;
-/* DEPRECATED */     }
+                    panic("IOGMD::setPosition deprecated");
 /* DEPRECATED */ }
 
-IOPhysicalAddress IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment( IOByteCount   offset,
-                                                                 IOByteCount * lengthOfSegment )
+IOPhysicalAddress IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment
+                        (IOByteCount offset, IOByteCount *lengthOfSegment)
 {
     IOPhysicalAddress address = 0;
     IOPhysicalLength  length  = 0;
 
-
-//    assert(offset <= _length);
-
-    if ( offset < _length ) // (within bounds?)
+//  assert(offset <= _length);
+    if (offset < _length) // (within bounds?)
+    {
+        if ( (_flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask) == kIOMemoryTypePhysical) {
+            unsigned int ind;
+
+            // Physical address based memory descriptor
+
+            // Find offset within descriptor and make it relative
+            // to the current _range.
+            for (ind = 0 ; offset >= _ranges.p[ind].length; ind++ )
+                offset -= _ranges.p[ind].length;
+    
+            IOPhysicalRange cur = _ranges.p[ind];
+            address = cur.address + offset;
+            length  = cur.length  - offset;
+
+            // see how far we can coalesce ranges
+            for (++ind; ind < _rangesCount; ind++) {
+                cur =  _ranges.p[ind];
+        
+                if (address + length != cur.address)
+                    break;
+    
+                length += cur.length;
+            }
+
+            // @@@ gvdl: should be assert(address);
+            // but can't as NVidia GeForce creates a bogus physical mem
+	    assert(address
+		|| /* nvidia */ (!_ranges.p[0].address && 1 == _rangesCount));
+            assert(length);
+        }
+        else do {
+            // We need wiring & we are wired.
+            assert(_wireCount);
+
+            if (!_wireCount)
+	    {
+		panic("IOGMD: not wired for getPhysicalSegment()");
+                continue;
+	    }
+
+            assert(_memoryEntries);
+
+            ioGMDData * dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
+            const ioPLBlock *ioplList = getIOPLList(dataP);
+            UInt ind, numIOPLs = getNumIOPL(_memoryEntries, dataP);
+            upl_page_info_t *pageList = getPageList(dataP);
+
+            assert(numIOPLs > 0);
+
+            // Scan through iopl info blocks looking for block containing offset
+            for (ind = 1; ind < numIOPLs; ind++) {
+                if (offset < ioplList[ind].fIOMDOffset)
+                    break;
+            }
+
+            // Go back to actual range as search goes past it
+            ioPLBlock ioplInfo = ioplList[ind - 1];
+
+            if (ind < numIOPLs)
+                length = ioplList[ind].fIOMDOffset;
+            else
+                length = _length;
+            length -= offset;			// Remainder within iopl
+
+            // Subtract offset till this iopl in total list
+            offset -= ioplInfo.fIOMDOffset;
+
+            // This is a mapped IOPL so we just need to compute an offset
+            // relative to the mapped base.
+            if (ioplInfo.fMappedBase) {
+                offset += (ioplInfo.fPageOffset & PAGE_MASK);
+                address = ptoa_32(ioplInfo.fMappedBase) + offset;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Currently the offset is rebased into the current iopl.
+            // Now add the iopl 1st page offset.
+            offset += ioplInfo.fPageOffset;
+
+            // For external UPLs the fPageInfo field points directly to
+            // the upl's upl_page_info_t array.
+            if (ioplInfo.fFlags & kIOPLExternUPL)
+                pageList = (upl_page_info_t *) ioplInfo.fPageInfo;
+            else
+                pageList = &pageList[ioplInfo.fPageInfo];
+
+            // Check for direct device non-paged memory
+            if ( ioplInfo.fFlags & kIOPLOnDevice ) {
+                address = ptoa_32(pageList->phys_addr) + offset;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Now we need compute the index into the pageList
+            ind = atop_32(offset);
+            offset &= PAGE_MASK;
+
+            IOPhysicalAddress pageAddr = pageList[ind].phys_addr;
+            address = ptoa_32(pageAddr) + offset;
+
+            // Check for the remaining data in this upl being longer than the
+            // remainder on the current page.  This should be checked for
+            // contiguous pages
+            if (length > PAGE_SIZE - offset) {
+                // See if the next page is contiguous.  Stop looking when we hit
+                // the end of this upl, which is indicated by the
+                // contigLength >= length.
+                IOByteCount contigLength = PAGE_SIZE - offset;
+
+                // Look for contiguous segment
+                while (contigLength < length
+                &&     ++pageAddr == pageList[++ind].phys_addr) {
+                    contigLength += PAGE_SIZE;
+                }
+                if (length > contigLength)
+                    length = contigLength;
+            }
+    
+            assert(address);
+            assert(length);
+
+        } while (0);
+
+        if (!address)
+            length = 0;
+    }
+
+    if (lengthOfSegment)
+        *lengthOfSegment = length;
+
+    return address;
+}
+
+addr64_t IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalSegment64
+                        (IOByteCount offset, IOByteCount *lengthOfSegment)
+{
+    IOPhysicalAddress phys32;
+    IOByteCount	      length;
+    addr64_t 	      phys64;
+
+    phys32 = getPhysicalSegment(offset, lengthOfSegment);
+    if (!phys32)
+	return 0;
+
+    if (gIOSystemMapper)
+    {
+	IOByteCount origLen;
+
+	phys64 = gIOSystemMapper->mapAddr(phys32);
+	origLen = *lengthOfSegment;
+	length = page_size - (phys64 & (page_size - 1));
+	while ((length < origLen)
+	    && ((phys64 + length) == gIOSystemMapper->mapAddr(phys32 + length)))
+	    length += page_size;
+	if (length > origLen)
+	    length = origLen;
+
+	*lengthOfSegment = length;
+    }
+    else
+	phys64 = (addr64_t) phys32;
+
+    return phys64;
+}
+
+IOPhysicalAddress IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::
+getSourceSegment(IOByteCount offset, IOByteCount *lengthOfSegment)
+{
+    IOPhysicalAddress address = 0;
+    IOPhysicalLength  length  = 0;
+    IOOptionBits      type    = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
+
+    assert(offset <= _length);
+
+    if ( type == kIOMemoryTypeUPL)
+	return super::getSourceSegment( offset, lengthOfSegment );
+    else if ( offset < _length ) // (within bounds?)
     {
         unsigned rangesIndex = 0;
-
-        for ( ; offset >= _ranges.v[rangesIndex].length; rangesIndex++ )
-        {
-            offset -= _ranges.v[rangesIndex].length; // (make offset relative)
-        }
-
-        if ( _task == 0 ) // (physical memory?)
-        {
-            address = _ranges.v[rangesIndex].address + offset;
-            length  = _ranges.v[rangesIndex].length  - offset;
-
-            for ( ++rangesIndex; rangesIndex < _rangesCount; rangesIndex++ )
-            {
-                if ( address + length != _ranges.v[rangesIndex].address )  break;
-
-                length += _ranges.v[rangesIndex].length; // (coalesce ranges)
-            }
-        }
-        else // (virtual memory?)
-        {
-            vm_address_t addressVirtual = _ranges.v[rangesIndex].address + offset;
-
-            assert((0 == (kIOMemoryRequiresWire & _flags)) || _wireCount);
-
-            address = pmap_extract_safe(_task, addressVirtual);
-            length  = next_page(addressVirtual) - addressVirtual;
-            length  = min(_ranges.v[rangesIndex].length - offset, length);
-        }
-
-        assert(address);
-        if ( address == 0 )  length = 0;
-    }
-
-    if ( lengthOfSegment )  *lengthOfSegment = length;
-
-    return address;
-}
-
-IOPhysicalAddress IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::getSourceSegment( IOByteCount   offset,
-                                                               IOByteCount * lengthOfSegment )
-{
-    IOPhysicalAddress address = 0;
-    IOPhysicalLength  length  = 0;
-
-    assert(offset <= _length);
-
-    if ( offset < _length ) // (within bounds?)
-    {
-        unsigned rangesIndex = 0;
-
-        for ( ; offset >= _ranges.v[rangesIndex].length; rangesIndex++ )
-        {
-            offset -= _ranges.v[rangesIndex].length; // (make offset relative)
-        }
-
-        address = _ranges.v[rangesIndex].address + offset;
-        length  = _ranges.v[rangesIndex].length  - offset;
-
-        for ( ++rangesIndex; rangesIndex < _rangesCount; rangesIndex++ )
-        {
-            if ( address + length != _ranges.v[rangesIndex].address )  break;
-
-            length += _ranges.v[rangesIndex].length; // (coalesce ranges)
-        }
-
-        assert(address);
-        if ( address == 0 )  length = 0;
+	Ranges vec = _ranges;
+	user_addr_t addr;
+
+	// Find starting address within the vector of ranges
+	for (;;) {
+	    getAddrLenForInd(addr, length, type, vec, rangesIndex);
+	    if (offset < length)
+		break;
+	    offset -= length; // (make offset relative)
+	    rangesIndex++;
+	} 
+
+	// Now that we have the starting range,
+	// lets find the last contiguous range
+        addr   += offset;
+        length -= offset;
+
+        for ( ++rangesIndex; rangesIndex < _rangesCount; rangesIndex++ ) {
+	    user_addr_t      newAddr;
+	    IOPhysicalLength newLen;
+
+	    getAddrLenForInd(newAddr, newLen, type, vec, rangesIndex);
+	    if (addr + length != newAddr)
+		break;
+	    length += newLen;
+	} 
+        if (addr)
+	    address = (IOPhysicalAddress) addr;	// Truncate address to 32bit
+	else
+	    length = 0;
     }
 
     if ( lengthOfSegment )  *lengthOfSegment = length;
@@ -831,37 +1266,378 @@
 /* DEPRECATED */ void * IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::getVirtualSegment(IOByteCount offset,
 /* DEPRECATED */ 							IOByteCount * lengthOfSegment)
 /* DEPRECATED */ {
-/* DEPRECATED */     if( offset != _position)
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	setPosition( offset );
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */     assert(_position <= _length);
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */     /* Fail gracefully if the position is at (or past) the end-of-buffer. */
-/* DEPRECATED */     if (_position >= _length)
-/* DEPRECATED */     {
-/* DEPRECATED */         *lengthOfSegment = 0;
-/* DEPRECATED */         return 0;
-/* DEPRECATED */     }
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */     /* Compute the relative length to the end of this virtual segment. */
-/* DEPRECATED */     *lengthOfSegment = _ranges.v[_positionAtIndex].length - _positionAtOffset;
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */     /* Compute the relative address of this virtual segment. */
-/* DEPRECATED */     if (_task == kernel_task)
-/* DEPRECATED */         return (void *)(_ranges.v[_positionAtIndex].address + _positionAtOffset);
-/* DEPRECATED */     else
-/* DEPRECATED */     {
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	vm_offset_t off;
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */         mapIntoKernel(_positionAtIndex);
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	off  = _ranges.v[_kernPtrAtIndex].address;
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	off -= trunc_page(off);
-/* DEPRECATED */ 
-/* DEPRECATED */ 	return (void *) (_kernPtrAligned + off + _positionAtOffset);
-/* DEPRECATED */     }
+                    if (_task == kernel_task)
+                        return (void *) getSourceSegment(offset, lengthOfSegment);
+                    else
+                        panic("IOGMD::getVirtualSegment deprecated");
+
+                    return 0;
 /* DEPRECATED */ }
 /* DEPRECATED */ /* USE INSTEAD: map(), readBytes(), writeBytes() */
+
+
+
+IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::setPurgeable( IOOptionBits newState,
+                                           IOOptionBits * oldState )
+{
+    IOReturn	  err = kIOReturnSuccess;
+    vm_purgable_t control;
+    int           state;
+
+    do 
+    {
+        if (!_memEntry)
+        {
+            err = kIOReturnNotReady;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        control = VM_PURGABLE_SET_STATE;
+        switch (newState)
+        {
+            case kIOMemoryPurgeableKeepCurrent:
+                control = VM_PURGABLE_GET_STATE;
+                break;
+
+            case kIOMemoryPurgeableNonVolatile:
+                state = VM_PURGABLE_NONVOLATILE;
+                break;
+            case kIOMemoryPurgeableVolatile:
+                state = VM_PURGABLE_VOLATILE;
+                break;
+            case kIOMemoryPurgeableEmpty:
+                state = VM_PURGABLE_EMPTY;
+                break;
+            default:
+                err = kIOReturnBadArgument;
+                break;
+        }
+
+        if (kIOReturnSuccess != err)
+            break;
+
+        err = mach_memory_entry_purgable_control((ipc_port_t) _memEntry, control, &state);
+
+        if (oldState)
+        {
+            if (kIOReturnSuccess == err)
+            {
+                switch (state)
+                {
+                    case VM_PURGABLE_NONVOLATILE:
+                        state = kIOMemoryPurgeableNonVolatile;
+                        break;
+                    case VM_PURGABLE_VOLATILE:
+                        state = kIOMemoryPurgeableVolatile;
+                        break;
+                    case VM_PURGABLE_EMPTY:
+                        state = kIOMemoryPurgeableEmpty;
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        state = kIOMemoryPurgeableNonVolatile;
+                        err = kIOReturnNotReady;
+                        break;
+                }
+                *oldState = state;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    while (false);
+
+    return (err);
+}
+
+extern "C" void dcache_incoherent_io_flush64(addr64_t pa, unsigned int count);
+extern "C" void dcache_incoherent_io_store64(addr64_t pa, unsigned int count);
+
+IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::performOperation( IOOptionBits options,
+                                                IOByteCount offset, IOByteCount length )
+{
+    IOByteCount remaining;
+    void (*func)(addr64_t pa, unsigned int count) = 0;
+
+    switch (options)
+    {
+        case kIOMemoryIncoherentIOFlush:
+            func = &dcache_incoherent_io_flush64;
+            break;
+        case kIOMemoryIncoherentIOStore:
+            func = &dcache_incoherent_io_store64;
+            break;
+    }
+
+    if (!func)
+        return (kIOReturnUnsupported);
+
+    remaining = length = min(length, getLength() - offset);
+    while (remaining)
+    // (process another target segment?)
+    {
+        addr64_t    dstAddr64;
+        IOByteCount dstLen;
+
+        dstAddr64 = getPhysicalSegment64(offset, &dstLen);
+        if (!dstAddr64)
+            break;
+
+        // Clip segment length to remaining
+        if (dstLen > remaining)
+            dstLen = remaining;
+
+	(*func)(dstAddr64, dstLen);
+
+        offset    += dstLen;
+        remaining -= dstLen;
+    }
+
+    return (remaining ? kIOReturnUnderrun : kIOReturnSuccess);
+}
+
+#ifdef __ppc__
+extern vm_offset_t		static_memory_end;
+#define io_kernel_static_end	static_memory_end
+#else
+extern vm_offset_t		first_avail;
+#define io_kernel_static_end	first_avail
+#endif
+
+static kern_return_t
+io_get_kernel_static_upl(
+	vm_map_t		/* map */,
+	vm_address_t		offset,
+	vm_size_t		*upl_size,
+	upl_t			*upl,
+	upl_page_info_array_t	page_list,
+	unsigned int		*count)
+{
+    unsigned int pageCount, page;
+    ppnum_t phys;
+
+    pageCount = atop_32(*upl_size);
+    if (pageCount > *count)
+	pageCount = *count;
+
+    *upl = NULL;
+
+    for (page = 0; page < pageCount; page++)
+    {
+	phys = pmap_find_phys(kernel_pmap, ((addr64_t)offset) + ptoa_64(page));
+	if (!phys)
+	    break;
+	page_list[page].phys_addr = phys;
+	page_list[page].pageout	  = 0;
+	page_list[page].absent	  = 0;
+	page_list[page].dirty	  = 0;
+	page_list[page].precious  = 0;
+	page_list[page].device	  = 0;
+    }
+
+    return ((page >= pageCount) ? kIOReturnSuccess : kIOReturnVMError);
+}
+
+IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::wireVirtual(IODirection forDirection)
+{
+    IOOptionBits type = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
+    IOReturn error = kIOReturnNoMemory;
+    ioGMDData *dataP;
+    ppnum_t mapBase = 0;
+    IOMapper *mapper;
+    ipc_port_t sharedMem = (ipc_port_t) _memEntry;
+
+    assert(!_wireCount);
+    assert(kIOMemoryTypeVirtual == type || kIOMemoryTypeUIO == type);
+
+    if (_pages >= gIOMaximumMappedIOPageCount)
+	return kIOReturnNoResources;
+
+    dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
+    mapper = dataP->fMapper;
+    if (mapper && _pages)
+        mapBase = mapper->iovmAlloc(_pages);
+
+    // Note that appendBytes(NULL) zeros the data up to the
+    // desired length.
+    _memoryEntries->appendBytes(0, dataP->fPageCnt * sizeof(upl_page_info_t));
+    dataP = 0;	// May no longer be valid so lets not get tempted.
+
+    if (forDirection == kIODirectionNone)
+        forDirection = _direction;
+
+    int uplFlags;    // This Mem Desc's default flags for upl creation
+    switch (forDirection)
+    {
+    case kIODirectionOut:
+        // Pages do not need to be marked as dirty on commit
+        uplFlags = UPL_COPYOUT_FROM;
+        _flags |= kIOMemoryPreparedReadOnly;
+        break;
+
+    case kIODirectionIn:
+    default:
+        uplFlags = 0;	// i.e. ~UPL_COPYOUT_FROM
+        break;
+    }
+    uplFlags |= UPL_SET_IO_WIRE | UPL_SET_LITE;
+
+    // Find the appropriate vm_map for the given task
+    vm_map_t curMap;
+    if (_task == kernel_task && (kIOMemoryBufferPageable & _flags))
+        curMap = 0;
+    else
+        { curMap = get_task_map(_task); }
+
+    // Iterate over the vector of virtual ranges
+    Ranges vec = _ranges;
+    unsigned int pageIndex = 0;
+    IOByteCount mdOffset = 0;
+    for (UInt range = 0; range < _rangesCount; range++) {
+        ioPLBlock iopl;
+	user_addr_t startPage;
+        IOByteCount numBytes;
+
+	// Get the startPage address and length of vec[range]
+	getAddrLenForInd(startPage, numBytes, type, vec, range);
+	iopl.fPageOffset = (short) startPage & PAGE_MASK;
+	numBytes += iopl.fPageOffset;
+	startPage = trunc_page_64(startPage);
+
+	if (mapper)
+	    iopl.fMappedBase = mapBase + pageIndex;
+	else
+	    iopl.fMappedBase = 0;
+
+	// Iterate over the current range, creating UPLs
+        while (numBytes) {
+            dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
+	    vm_address_t kernelStart = (vm_address_t) startPage;
+            vm_map_t theMap;
+	    if (curMap)
+		theMap = curMap;
+	    else if (!sharedMem) {
+		assert(_task == kernel_task);
+		theMap = IOPageableMapForAddress(kernelStart);
+	    }
+	    else
+		theMap = NULL;
+
+            upl_page_info_array_t pageInfo = getPageList(dataP);
+            int ioplFlags = uplFlags;
+            upl_page_list_ptr_t baseInfo = &pageInfo[pageIndex];
+
+            vm_size_t ioplSize = round_page_32(numBytes);
+            unsigned int numPageInfo = atop_32(ioplSize);
+
+	    if (theMap == kernel_map && kernelStart < io_kernel_static_end) {
+		error = io_get_kernel_static_upl(theMap, 
+						kernelStart,
+						&ioplSize,
+						&iopl.fIOPL,
+						baseInfo,
+						&numPageInfo);
+	    }
+	    else if (sharedMem) {
+		error = memory_object_iopl_request(sharedMem, 
+						ptoa_32(pageIndex),
+						&ioplSize,
+						&iopl.fIOPL,
+						baseInfo,
+						&numPageInfo,
+						&ioplFlags);
+	    }
+	    else {
+		assert(theMap);
+		error = vm_map_create_upl(theMap,
+						startPage,
+						&ioplSize,
+						&iopl.fIOPL,
+						baseInfo,
+						&numPageInfo,
+						&ioplFlags);
+	    }
+
+            assert(ioplSize);
+            if (error != KERN_SUCCESS)
+                goto abortExit;
+
+            error = kIOReturnNoMemory;
+
+            if (baseInfo->device) {
+                numPageInfo = 1;
+                iopl.fFlags  = kIOPLOnDevice;
+                // Don't translate device memory at all 
+		if (mapper && mapBase) {
+		    mapper->iovmFree(mapBase, _pages);
+		    mapBase = 0;
+		    iopl.fMappedBase = 0;
+		}
+            }
+            else {
+                iopl.fFlags = 0;
+                if (mapper)
+                    mapper->iovmInsert(mapBase, pageIndex,
+                                       baseInfo, numPageInfo);
+            }
+
+            iopl.fIOMDOffset = mdOffset;
+            iopl.fPageInfo = pageIndex;
+
+	    if ((_flags & kIOMemoryAutoPrepare) && iopl.fIOPL)
+	    {
+		upl_commit(iopl.fIOPL, 0, 0);
+		upl_deallocate(iopl.fIOPL);
+		iopl.fIOPL = 0;
+	    }
+
+            if (!_memoryEntries->appendBytes(&iopl, sizeof(iopl))) {
+                // Clean up partial created and unsaved iopl
+                if (iopl.fIOPL) {
+                    upl_abort(iopl.fIOPL, 0);
+                    upl_deallocate(iopl.fIOPL);
+                }
+                goto abortExit;
+            }
+
+            // Check for a multiple iopl's in one virtual range
+            pageIndex += numPageInfo;
+            mdOffset -= iopl.fPageOffset;
+            if (ioplSize < numBytes) {
+                numBytes -= ioplSize;
+                startPage += ioplSize;
+                mdOffset += ioplSize;
+                iopl.fPageOffset = 0;
+		if (mapper)
+		    iopl.fMappedBase = mapBase + pageIndex;
+            }
+            else {
+                mdOffset += numBytes;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return kIOReturnSuccess;
+
+abortExit:
+    {
+        dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
+        UInt done = getNumIOPL(_memoryEntries, dataP);
+        ioPLBlock *ioplList = getIOPLList(dataP);
+    
+        for (UInt range = 0; range < done; range++)
+	{
+	    if (ioplList[range].fIOPL) {
+             upl_abort(ioplList[range].fIOPL, 0);
+             upl_deallocate(ioplList[range].fIOPL);
+	    }
+	}
+	(void) _memoryEntries->initWithBytes(dataP, sizeof(ioGMDData)); // == setLength()
+
+        if (mapper && mapBase)
+            mapper->iovmFree(mapBase, _pages);
+    }
+
+    return error;
+}
 
 /*
  * prepare
@@ -872,152 +1648,21 @@
  * the memory after the I/O transfer finishes.  This method needn't
  * called for non-pageable memory.
  */
-IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::prepare(
-		IODirection forDirection = kIODirectionNone)
-{
-    UInt rangeIndex = 0;
-
-    if((_wireCount == 0) && (kIOMemoryRequiresWire & _flags)) {
-        kern_return_t rc;
-
-        if(forDirection == kIODirectionNone)
-            forDirection = _direction;
-
-        vm_prot_t access;
-
-        switch (forDirection)
-        {
-            case kIODirectionIn:
-                access = VM_PROT_WRITE;
-                break;
-
-            case kIODirectionOut:
-                access = VM_PROT_READ;
-                break;
-
-            default:
-                access = VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE;
-                break;
-        }
-
-        //
-        // Check user read/write access to the data buffer.
-        //
-
-        for (rangeIndex = 0; rangeIndex < _rangesCount; rangeIndex++)
-        {
-            vm_offset_t checkBase = trunc_page(_ranges.v[rangeIndex].address);
-            vm_size_t   checkSize = round_page(_ranges.v[rangeIndex].length );
-
-            while (checkSize)
-            {
-                vm_region_basic_info_data_t regionInfo;
-                mach_msg_type_number_t      regionInfoSize = sizeof(regionInfo);
-                vm_size_t                   regionSize;
-
-                if ( (vm_region(
-                          /* map         */ getMapForTask(_task, checkBase),
-                          /* address     */ &checkBase,
-                          /* size        */ &regionSize,
-                          /* flavor      */ VM_REGION_BASIC_INFO,
-                          /* info        */ (vm_region_info_t) &regionInfo,
-                          /* info size   */ &regionInfoSize,
-                          /* object name */ 0 ) != KERN_SUCCESS             ) ||
-                     ( (forDirection & kIODirectionIn ) &&
-                                   !(regionInfo.protection & VM_PROT_WRITE) ) ||
-                     ( (forDirection & kIODirectionOut) && 
-                                   !(regionInfo.protection & VM_PROT_READ ) ) )
-                {
-                    return kIOReturnVMError;
-                }
-
-                assert((regionSize & PAGE_MASK) == 0);
-
-                regionSize = min(regionSize, checkSize);
-                checkSize -= regionSize;
-                checkBase += regionSize;
-            } // (for each vm region)
-        } // (for each io range)
-
-        for (rangeIndex = 0; rangeIndex < _rangesCount; rangeIndex++) {
-
-            vm_offset_t srcAlign = trunc_page(_ranges.v[rangeIndex].address);
-            IOByteCount srcAlignEnd = trunc_page(_ranges.v[rangeIndex].address +
-                                _ranges.v[rangeIndex].length  +
-                                page_size - 1);
-
-	    vm_map_t taskVMMap = getMapForTask(_task, srcAlign);
-
-	    // If this I/O is for a user land task then protect ourselves
-	    // against COW and other vm_shenanigans
-	    if (_task && _task != kernel_task) {
-		// setup a data object to hold the 'named' memory regions
-		// @@@ gvdl: If we fail to allocate an OSData we will just
-		// hope for the best for the time being.  Lets not fail a
-		// prepare at this late stage in product release.
-		if (!_memoryEntries)
-		    _memoryEntries = OSData::withCapacity(16);
-		if (_memoryEntries) {
-		    vm_object_offset_t desiredSize = srcAlignEnd - srcAlign;
-		    vm_object_offset_t entryStart = srcAlign;
-		    ipc_port_t memHandle;
-
-		    do {
-			vm_object_offset_t actualSize = desiredSize;
-
-			rc = mach_make_memory_entry_64
-			    (taskVMMap, &actualSize, entryStart,
-			    forDirection, &memHandle, NULL);
-			if (KERN_SUCCESS != rc) {
-			    IOLog("IOMemoryDescriptor::prepare mach_make_memory_entry_64 failed: %d\n", rc);
-			    goto abortExit;
-			}
-
-			_memoryEntries->
-			    appendBytes(&memHandle, sizeof(memHandle));
-			desiredSize -= actualSize;
-			entryStart += actualSize;
-		    } while (desiredSize);
-		}
-	    }
-
-            rc = vm_map_wire(taskVMMap, srcAlign, srcAlignEnd, access, FALSE);
-	    if (KERN_SUCCESS != rc) {
-		IOLog("IOMemoryDescriptor::prepare vm_map_wire failed: %d\n", rc);
-		goto abortExit;
-	    }
-        }
-    }
+IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::prepare(IODirection forDirection)
+{
+    IOReturn error    = kIOReturnSuccess;
+    IOOptionBits type = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
+
+    if (!_wireCount
+    && (kIOMemoryTypeVirtual == type || kIOMemoryTypeUIO == type) ) {
+        error = wireVirtual(forDirection);
+        if (error)
+            return error;
+    }
+
     _wireCount++;
+
     return kIOReturnSuccess;
-
-abortExit:
-    UInt doneIndex;
-
-
-    for(doneIndex = 0; doneIndex < rangeIndex; doneIndex++) {
-	vm_offset_t srcAlign = trunc_page(_ranges.v[doneIndex].address);
-	IOByteCount srcAlignEnd = trunc_page(_ranges.v[doneIndex].address +
-			    _ranges.v[doneIndex].length  +
-			    page_size - 1);
-
-	vm_map_unwire(getMapForTask(_task, srcAlign), srcAlign,
-			    srcAlignEnd, FALSE);
-    }
-
-    if (_memoryEntries) {
-	ipc_port_t *handles, *handlesEnd;
-
-	handles = (ipc_port_t *) _memoryEntries->getBytesNoCopy();
-	handlesEnd = (ipc_port_t *)
-	    ((vm_address_t) handles + _memoryEntries->getLength());
-	while (handles < handlesEnd)
-	    ipc_port_release_send(*handles++);
-	_memoryEntries->release();
-	_memoryEntries = 0;
-    }
-
-    return kIOReturnVMError;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1029,50 +1674,40 @@
  * before and after an I/O transfer involving pageable memory.
  */
  
-IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::complete(
-		IODirection forDirection = kIODirectionNone)
+IOReturn IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::complete(IODirection /* forDirection */)
 {
     assert(_wireCount);
 
-    if(0 == _wireCount)
+    if (!_wireCount)
         return kIOReturnSuccess;
 
     _wireCount--;
-    if((_wireCount == 0) && (kIOMemoryRequiresWire & _flags)) {
-        UInt rangeIndex;
-        kern_return_t rc;
-
-        if(forDirection == kIODirectionNone)
-            forDirection = _direction;
-
-        for(rangeIndex = 0; rangeIndex < _rangesCount; rangeIndex++) {
-
-            vm_offset_t srcAlign = trunc_page(_ranges.v[rangeIndex].address);
-            IOByteCount srcAlignEnd = trunc_page(_ranges.v[rangeIndex].address +
-                                _ranges.v[rangeIndex].length  +
-                                page_size - 1);
-
-            if(forDirection == kIODirectionIn)
-                pmap_modify_pages(get_task_pmap(_task), srcAlign, srcAlignEnd);
-
-            rc = vm_map_unwire(getMapForTask(_task, srcAlign), srcAlign,
-                                  srcAlignEnd, FALSE);
-            if(rc != KERN_SUCCESS)
-                IOLog("IOMemoryDescriptor::complete: vm_map_unwire failed: %d\n", rc);
+    if (!_wireCount) {
+	IOOptionBits type = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
+
+        if (kIOMemoryTypePhysical == type) {
+            /* kIOMemoryTypePhysical */
+            // DO NOTHING
         }
-
-	if (_memoryEntries) {
-	    ipc_port_t *handles, *handlesEnd;
-
-	    handles = (ipc_port_t *) _memoryEntries->getBytesNoCopy();
-	    handlesEnd = (ipc_port_t *)
-			((vm_address_t) handles + _memoryEntries->getLength());
-	    while (handles < handlesEnd)
-		ipc_port_release_send(*handles++);
-
-	    _memoryEntries->release();
-	    _memoryEntries = 0;
-	}
+        else {
+            ioGMDData * dataP = getDataP(_memoryEntries);
+            ioPLBlock *ioplList = getIOPLList(dataP);
+	    UInt count = getNumIOPL(_memoryEntries, dataP);
+
+            if (dataP->fMapper && _pages && ioplList[0].fMappedBase)
+                dataP->fMapper->iovmFree(ioplList[0].fMappedBase, _pages);
+
+            // Only complete iopls that we created which are for TypeVirtual
+            if (kIOMemoryTypeVirtual == type || kIOMemoryTypeUIO == type) {
+                for (UInt ind = 0; ind < count; ind++)
+		    if (ioplList[ind].fIOPL) {
+			 upl_commit(ioplList[ind].fIOPL, 0, 0);
+			 upl_deallocate(ioplList[ind].fIOPL);
+		    }
+            }
+
+            (void) _memoryEntries->initWithBytes(dataP, sizeof(ioGMDData)); // == setLength()
+        }
     }
     return kIOReturnSuccess;
 }
@@ -1081,52 +1716,67 @@
 	vm_map_t		addressMap,
 	IOVirtualAddress *	atAddress,
 	IOOptionBits		options,
-	IOByteCount		sourceOffset = 0,
-	IOByteCount		length = 0 )
+	IOByteCount		sourceOffset,
+	IOByteCount		length )
 {
     kern_return_t kr;
     ipc_port_t sharedMem = (ipc_port_t) _memEntry;
 
+    IOOptionBits type = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
+    Ranges vec = _ranges;
+
+    user_addr_t range0Addr = 0;
+    IOByteCount range0Len = 0;
+
+    if (vec.v)
+	getAddrLenForInd(range0Addr, range0Len, type, vec, 0);
+
     // mapping source == dest? (could be much better)
-    if( _task && (addressMap == get_task_map(_task)) && (options & kIOMapAnywhere)
-	&& (1 == _rangesCount) && (0 == sourceOffset)
-	&& (length <= _ranges.v[0].length) ) {
-	    *atAddress = _ranges.v[0].address;
+    if( _task
+    && (addressMap == get_task_map(_task)) && (options & kIOMapAnywhere)
+    && (1 == _rangesCount) && (0 == sourceOffset)
+    && range0Addr && (length <= range0Len) ) {
+	if (sizeof(user_addr_t) > 4 && ((UInt64) range0Addr) >> 32)
+	    return kIOReturnOverrun;	// Doesn't fit in 32bit return field
+	else {
+	    *atAddress = range0Addr;
 	    return( kIOReturnSuccess );
+	}
     }
 
     if( 0 == sharedMem) {
 
-        vm_size_t size = 0;
-
-        for (unsigned index = 0; index < _rangesCount; index++)
-            size += round_page(_ranges.v[index].address + _ranges.v[index].length)
-                  - trunc_page(_ranges.v[index].address);
+        vm_size_t size = ptoa_32(_pages);
 
         if( _task) {
-#if NOTYET
-            vm_object_offset_t actualSize = size;
-            kr = mach_make_memory_entry_64( get_task_map(_task),
-                        &actualSize, _ranges.v[0].address,
+#ifndef i386
+            memory_object_size_t actualSize = size;
+            kr = mach_make_memory_entry_64(get_task_map(_task),
+                        &actualSize, range0Addr,
                         VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE, &sharedMem,
                         NULL );
 
-            if( (KERN_SUCCESS == kr) && (actualSize != size)) {
+            if( (KERN_SUCCESS == kr) && (actualSize != round_page_32(size))) {
 #if IOASSERT
-                IOLog("mach_make_memory_entry_64 (%08lx) size (%08lx:%08lx)\n",
-                            _ranges.v[0].address, (UInt32)actualSize, size);
+                IOLog("mach_make_memory_entry_64 (%08llx) size (%08lx:%08x)\n",
+                            range0Addr, (UInt32) actualSize, size);
 #endif
                 kr = kIOReturnVMError;
                 ipc_port_release_send( sharedMem );
             }
 
             if( KERN_SUCCESS != kr)
-#endif /* NOTYET */
+#endif /* !i386 */
                 sharedMem = MACH_PORT_NULL;
 
         } else do {
 
-            memory_object_t pager;
+            memory_object_t 	pager;
+	    unsigned int    	flags = 0;
+    	    addr64_t		pa;
+    	    IOPhysicalLength	segLen;
+
+	    pa = getPhysicalSegment64( sourceOffset, &segLen );
 
             if( !reserved) {
                 reserved = IONew( ExpansionData, 1 );
@@ -1134,32 +1784,72 @@
                     continue;
             }
             reserved->pagerContig = (1 == _rangesCount);
-
-            pager = device_pager_setup( (memory_object_t) 0, (int) this, size, 
-                            reserved->pagerContig ? DEVICE_PAGER_CONTIGUOUS : 0 );
+	    reserved->memory = this;
+
+	    /*What cache mode do we need*/
+            switch(options & kIOMapCacheMask ) {
+
+		case kIOMapDefaultCache:
+		default:
+		    flags = IODefaultCacheBits(pa);
+		    break;
+	
+		case kIOMapInhibitCache:
+		    flags = DEVICE_PAGER_CACHE_INHIB | 
+				    DEVICE_PAGER_COHERENT | DEVICE_PAGER_GUARDED;
+		    break;
+	
+		case kIOMapWriteThruCache:
+		    flags = DEVICE_PAGER_WRITE_THROUGH |
+				    DEVICE_PAGER_COHERENT | DEVICE_PAGER_GUARDED;
+		    break;
+
+		case kIOMapCopybackCache:
+		    flags = DEVICE_PAGER_COHERENT;
+		    break;
+
+		case kIOMapWriteCombineCache:
+		    flags = DEVICE_PAGER_CACHE_INHIB |
+				    DEVICE_PAGER_COHERENT;
+		    break;
+            }
+
+	    flags |= reserved->pagerContig ? DEVICE_PAGER_CONTIGUOUS : 0;
+
+            pager = device_pager_setup( (memory_object_t) 0, (int) reserved, 
+								size, flags);
             assert( pager );
 
             if( pager) {
-                retain();	// pager has a ref
                 kr = mach_memory_object_memory_entry_64( (host_t) 1, false /*internal*/, 
                             size, VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE, pager, &sharedMem );
 
                 assert( KERN_SUCCESS == kr );
                 if( KERN_SUCCESS != kr) {
-// chris?
-//                    ipc_port_release_send( (ipc_port_t) pager );
+		    device_pager_deallocate( pager );
                     pager = MACH_PORT_NULL;
                     sharedMem = MACH_PORT_NULL;
                 }
             }
-            reserved->devicePager = pager;
+	    if( pager && sharedMem)
+		reserved->devicePager    = pager;
+	    else {
+		IODelete( reserved, ExpansionData, 1 );
+		reserved = 0;
+	    }
 
         } while( false );
 
         _memEntry = (void *) sharedMem;
     }
 
-    kr = super::doMap( addressMap, atAddress,
+
+#ifndef i386
+    if( 0 == sharedMem)
+      kr = kIOReturnVMError;
+    else
+#endif
+      kr = super::doMap( addressMap, atAddress,
                            options, sourceOffset, length );
 
     return( kr );
@@ -1171,94 +1861,28 @@
 	IOByteCount		length )
 {
     // could be much better
-    if( _task && (addressMap == getMapForTask(_task, _ranges.v[0].address)) && (1 == _rangesCount)
-	 && (logical == _ranges.v[0].address)
-	 && (length <= _ranges.v[0].length) )
+    if( _task && (addressMap == get_task_map(_task)) && (1 == _rangesCount)) {
+
+	IOOptionBits type = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
+	user_addr_t range0Addr;
+	IOByteCount range0Len;
+
+	getAddrLenForInd(range0Addr, range0Len, type, _ranges, 0);
+	if (logical == range0Addr && length <= range0Len)
 	    return( kIOReturnSuccess );
+    }
 
     return( super::doUnmap( addressMap, logical, length ));
 }
 
 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
 
-extern "C" {
-// osfmk/device/iokit_rpc.c
-extern kern_return_t IOMapPages( vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t va, vm_offset_t pa,
-                                 vm_size_t length, unsigned int mapFlags);
-extern kern_return_t IOUnmapPages(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t va, vm_size_t length);
-};
-
-/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
-
-static IORecursiveLock * gIOMemoryLock;
-
-#define LOCK	IORecursiveLockLock( gIOMemoryLock)
-#define UNLOCK	IORecursiveLockUnlock( gIOMemoryLock)
-
-/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
-
-OSDefineMetaClass( IOMemoryMap, OSObject )
-OSDefineAbstractStructors( IOMemoryMap, OSObject )
-
-/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
-
-class _IOMemoryMap : public IOMemoryMap
-{
-    OSDeclareDefaultStructors(_IOMemoryMap)
-
-    IOMemoryDescriptor * memory;
-    IOMemoryMap *	superMap;
-    IOByteCount		offset;
-    IOByteCount		length;
-    IOVirtualAddress	logical;
-    task_t		addressTask;
-    vm_map_t		addressMap;
-    IOOptionBits	options;
-
-public:
-    virtual void free();
-
-    // IOMemoryMap methods
-    virtual IOVirtualAddress 	getVirtualAddress();
-    virtual IOByteCount 	getLength();
-    virtual task_t		getAddressTask();
-    virtual IOMemoryDescriptor * getMemoryDescriptor();
-    virtual IOOptionBits 	getMapOptions();
-
-    virtual IOReturn 		unmap();
-    virtual void 		taskDied();
-
-    virtual IOPhysicalAddress 	getPhysicalSegment(IOByteCount offset,
-	       					   IOByteCount * length);
-
-    // for IOMemoryDescriptor use
-    _IOMemoryMap * isCompatible(
-		IOMemoryDescriptor *	owner,
-                task_t			intoTask,
-                IOVirtualAddress	toAddress,
-                IOOptionBits		options,
-                IOByteCount		offset,
-                IOByteCount		length );
-
-    bool init(
-	IOMemoryDescriptor *	memory,
-	IOMemoryMap *		superMap,
-        IOByteCount		offset,
-        IOByteCount		length );
-
-    bool init(
-	IOMemoryDescriptor *	memory,
-	task_t			intoTask,
-	IOVirtualAddress	toAddress,
-	IOOptionBits		options,
-        IOByteCount		offset,
-        IOByteCount		length );
-
-    IOReturn redirect(
-	task_t			intoTask, bool redirect );
-};
-
-/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
+OSDefineMetaClassAndAbstractStructors( IOMemoryMap, OSObject )
+
+/* inline function implementation */
+IOPhysicalAddress IOMemoryMap::getPhysicalAddress()
+    { return( getPhysicalSegment( 0, 0 )); }
+
 
 #undef super
 #define super IOMemoryMap
@@ -1267,7 +1891,7 @@
 
 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
 
-bool _IOMemoryMap::init(
+bool _IOMemoryMap::initCompatible(
 	IOMemoryDescriptor *	_memory,
 	IOMemoryMap *		_superMap,
         IOByteCount		_offset,
@@ -1297,7 +1921,7 @@
     return( true );
 }
 
-bool _IOMemoryMap::init(
+bool _IOMemoryMap::initWithDescriptor(
         IOMemoryDescriptor *	_memory,
         task_t			intoTask,
         IOVirtualAddress	toAddress,
@@ -1305,21 +1929,29 @@
         IOByteCount		_offset,
         IOByteCount		_length )
 {
-    bool	ok;
-
-    if( (!_memory) || (!intoTask) || !super::init())
+    bool ok;
+    bool redir = ((kIOMapUnique|kIOMapReference) == ((kIOMapUnique|kIOMapReference) & _options));
+
+    if ((!_memory) || (!intoTask))
 	return( false);
 
     if( (_offset + _length) > _memory->getLength())
 	return( false);
 
-    addressMap  = get_task_map(intoTask);
-    if( !addressMap)
-	return( false);
-    kernel_vm_map_reference(addressMap);
+    if (!redir)
+    {
+	if (!super::init())
+	    return(false);
+	addressMap  = get_task_map(intoTask);
+	if( !addressMap)
+	    return( false);
+	vm_map_reference(addressMap);
+	addressTask = intoTask;
+	logical	    = toAddress;
+	options     = _options;
+    }
 
     _memory->retain();
-    memory	= _memory;
 
     offset	= _offset;
     if( _length)
@@ -1327,25 +1959,34 @@
     else
         length	= _memory->getLength();
 
-    addressTask	= intoTask;
-    logical	= toAddress;
-    options 	= _options;
-
     if( options & kIOMapStatic)
 	ok = true;
     else
-	ok = (kIOReturnSuccess == memory->doMap( addressMap, &logical,
-						 options, offset, length ));
-    if( !ok) {
-	logical = 0;
-        memory->release();
-        memory = 0;
-        vm_map_deallocate(addressMap);
-        addressMap = 0;
-    }
+	ok = (kIOReturnSuccess == _memory->doMap( addressMap, &toAddress,
+						  _options, offset, length ));
+    if (ok || redir)
+    {
+	if (memory)
+	    memory->release();
+	memory	= _memory;
+	logical = toAddress;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        _memory->release();
+	if (!redir)
+	{
+	    logical = 0;
+	    memory = 0;
+	    vm_map_deallocate(addressMap);
+	    addressMap = 0;
+	}
+    }
+
     return( ok );
 }
 
+/* LP64todo - these need to expand */
 struct IOMemoryDescriptorMapAllocRef
 {
     ipc_port_t		sharedMem;
@@ -1364,7 +2005,40 @@
         if( ref->sharedMem) {
             vm_prot_t prot = VM_PROT_READ
                             | ((ref->options & kIOMapReadOnly) ? 0 : VM_PROT_WRITE);
-    
+
+            // set memory entry cache
+            vm_prot_t memEntryCacheMode = prot | MAP_MEM_ONLY;
+            switch (ref->options & kIOMapCacheMask)
+            {
+		case kIOMapInhibitCache:
+                    SET_MAP_MEM(MAP_MEM_IO, memEntryCacheMode);
+                    break;
+	
+		case kIOMapWriteThruCache:
+                    SET_MAP_MEM(MAP_MEM_WTHRU, memEntryCacheMode);
+                    break;
+
+		case kIOMapWriteCombineCache:
+                    SET_MAP_MEM(MAP_MEM_WCOMB, memEntryCacheMode);
+                    break;
+
+		case kIOMapCopybackCache:
+                    SET_MAP_MEM(MAP_MEM_COPYBACK, memEntryCacheMode);
+                    break;
+
+		case kIOMapDefaultCache:
+		default:
+                    SET_MAP_MEM(MAP_MEM_NOOP, memEntryCacheMode);
+                    break;
+            }
+
+            vm_size_t unused = 0;
+
+            err = mach_make_memory_entry( NULL /*unused*/, &unused, 0 /*unused*/, 
+                                            memEntryCacheMode, NULL, ref->sharedMem );
+            if (KERN_SUCCESS != err)
+                IOLog("MAP_MEM_ONLY failed %d\n", err);
+
             err = vm_map( map,
                             &ref->mapped,
                             ref->size, 0 /* mask */, 
@@ -1375,7 +2049,7 @@
                             prot, // cur
                             prot, // max
                             VM_INHERIT_NONE);
-    
+
             if( KERN_SUCCESS != err) {
                 ref->mapped = 0;
                 continue;
@@ -1402,12 +2076,13 @@
     return( err );
 }
 
+
 IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::doMap(
 	vm_map_t		addressMap,
 	IOVirtualAddress *	atAddress,
 	IOOptionBits		options,
-	IOByteCount		sourceOffset = 0,
-	IOByteCount		length = 0 )
+	IOByteCount		sourceOffset,
+	IOByteCount		length )
 {
     IOReturn		err = kIOReturnSuccess;
     memory_object_t	pager;
@@ -1425,28 +2100,75 @@
         if( 0 == length)
             length = getLength();
 
-        sourceAddr = getSourceSegment( sourceOffset, NULL );
-        assert( sourceAddr );
-        pageOffset = sourceAddr - trunc_page( sourceAddr );
-
-        ref.size = round_page( length + pageOffset );
-
-        logical = *atAddress;
-        if( options & kIOMapAnywhere) 
-            // vm_map looks for addresses above here, even when VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE
-            ref.mapped = 0;
-        else {
-            ref.mapped = trunc_page( logical );
-            if( (logical - ref.mapped) != pageOffset) {
-                err = kIOReturnVMError;
-                continue;
-            }
-        }
-
-        if( ref.sharedMem && (addressMap == kernel_map) && (kIOMemoryRequiresWire & _flags))
-            err = IOIteratePageableMaps( ref.size, &IOMemoryDescriptorMapAlloc, &ref );
-        else
-            err = IOMemoryDescriptorMapAlloc( addressMap, &ref );
+	sourceAddr = getSourceSegment( sourceOffset, NULL );
+	pageOffset = sourceAddr - trunc_page_32( sourceAddr );
+
+	ref.size = round_page_32( length + pageOffset );
+
+	if ((kIOMapReference|kIOMapUnique) == ((kIOMapReference|kIOMapUnique) & options))
+	{
+	    upl_t	  redirUPL2;
+	    vm_size_t	  size;
+	    int		  flags;
+
+	    _IOMemoryMap * mapping = (_IOMemoryMap *) *atAddress;
+	    ref.mapped = mapping->getVirtualAddress();
+    
+	    if (!_memEntry)
+	    {
+		err = kIOReturnNotReadable;
+		continue;
+	    }
+
+	    size = length;
+	    flags = UPL_COPYOUT_FROM | UPL_SET_INTERNAL 
+			| UPL_SET_LITE | UPL_SET_IO_WIRE | UPL_BLOCK_ACCESS;
+
+	    if (KERN_SUCCESS != memory_object_iopl_request((ipc_port_t) _memEntry, 0, &size, &redirUPL2,
+					    NULL, NULL,
+					    &flags))
+		redirUPL2 = NULL;
+
+	    err = upl_transpose(redirUPL2, mapping->redirUPL);
+	    if (kIOReturnSuccess != err)
+	    {
+		IOLog("upl_transpose(%x)\n", err);
+		err = kIOReturnSuccess;
+	    }
+
+	    if (redirUPL2)
+	    {
+		upl_commit(redirUPL2, NULL, 0);
+		upl_deallocate(redirUPL2);
+		redirUPL2 = 0;
+	    }
+	    {
+		// swap the memEntries since they now refer to different vm_objects
+		void * me = _memEntry;
+		_memEntry = mapping->memory->_memEntry;
+		mapping->memory->_memEntry = me;
+	    }
+	}
+	else
+	{
+    
+	    logical = *atAddress;
+	    if( options & kIOMapAnywhere) 
+		// vm_map looks for addresses above here, even when VM_FLAGS_ANYWHERE
+		ref.mapped = 0;
+	    else {
+		ref.mapped = trunc_page_32( logical );
+		if( (logical - ref.mapped) != pageOffset) {
+		    err = kIOReturnVMError;
+		    continue;
+		}
+	    }
+    
+	    if( ref.sharedMem && (addressMap == kernel_map) && (kIOMemoryBufferPageable & _flags))
+		err = IOIteratePageableMaps( ref.size, &IOMemoryDescriptorMapAlloc, &ref );
+	    else
+		err = IOMemoryDescriptorMapAlloc( addressMap, &ref );
+	}
 
         if( err != KERN_SUCCESS)
             continue;
@@ -1489,32 +2211,28 @@
     vm_size_t		bytes;
     vm_size_t		page;
     IOByteCount		pageOffset;
+    IOByteCount		pagerOffset;
     IOPhysicalLength	segLen;
-    IOPhysicalAddress	physAddr;
+    addr64_t		physAddr;
 
     if( !addressMap) {
-
-        LOCK;
 
         if( kIOMemoryRedirected & _flags) {
 #ifdef DEBUG
-            IOLog("sleep mem redirect %x, %lx\n", address, sourceOffset);
+            IOLog("sleep mem redirect %p, %lx\n", this, sourceOffset);
 #endif
             do {
-                assert_wait( (event_t) this, THREAD_UNINT );
-                UNLOCK;
-                thread_block((void (*)(void)) 0);
-                LOCK;
+	    	SLEEP;
             } while( kIOMemoryRedirected & _flags );
         }
 
-        UNLOCK;
         return( kIOReturnSuccess );
     }
 
-    physAddr = getPhysicalSegment( sourceOffset, &segLen );
+    physAddr = getPhysicalSegment64( sourceOffset, &segLen );
     assert( physAddr );
-    pageOffset = physAddr - trunc_page( physAddr );
+    pageOffset = physAddr - trunc_page_64( physAddr );
+    pagerOffset = sourceOffset;
 
     size = length + pageOffset;
     physAddr -= pageOffset;
@@ -1525,53 +2243,90 @@
 	// in the middle of the loop only map whole pages
 	if( segLen >= bytes)
 	    segLen = bytes;
-	else if( segLen != trunc_page( segLen))
+	else if( segLen != trunc_page_32( segLen))
 	    err = kIOReturnVMError;
-        if( physAddr != trunc_page( physAddr))
+        if( physAddr != trunc_page_64( physAddr))
 	    err = kIOReturnBadArgument;
 
 #ifdef DEBUG
 	if( kIOLogMapping & gIOKitDebug)
-	    IOLog("_IOMemoryMap::map(%p) %08lx->%08lx:%08lx\n",
+	    IOLog("_IOMemoryMap::map(%p) %08lx->%08qx:%08lx\n",
                 addressMap, address + pageOffset, physAddr + pageOffset,
 		segLen - pageOffset);
 #endif
 
+
+
+
+
+#ifdef i386  
+	/* i386 doesn't support faulting on device memory yet */
 	if( addressMap && (kIOReturnSuccess == err))
-            err = IOMapPages( addressMap, address, physAddr, segLen, options );
+            err = IOMapPages( addressMap, address, (IOPhysicalAddress) physAddr, segLen, options );
         assert( KERN_SUCCESS == err );
 	if( err)
 	    break;
+#endif
 
         if( pager) {
             if( reserved && reserved->pagerContig) {
                 IOPhysicalLength	allLen;
-                IOPhysicalAddress	allPhys;
-
-                allPhys = getPhysicalSegment( 0, &allLen );
+                addr64_t		allPhys;
+
+                allPhys = getPhysicalSegment64( 0, &allLen );
                 assert( allPhys );
-                err = device_pager_populate_object( pager, 0, trunc_page(allPhys), round_page(allPhys + allLen) );
+                err = device_pager_populate_object( pager, 0, allPhys >> PAGE_SHIFT, round_page_32(allLen) );
 
             } else {
 
-                for( page = 0;
+	    for( page = 0;
                      (page < segLen) && (KERN_SUCCESS == err);
                      page += page_size) {
-                        err = device_pager_populate_object( pager, sourceOffset + page,
-                                                            physAddr + page, page_size );
+                        err = device_pager_populate_object(pager, pagerOffset,
+                        	(ppnum_t)((physAddr + page) >> PAGE_SHIFT), page_size);
+			pagerOffset += page_size;
                 }
             }
             assert( KERN_SUCCESS == err );
             if( err)
                 break;
         }
+#ifndef i386
+	/*  *** ALERT *** */
+	/*  *** Temporary Workaround *** */
+
+	/* This call to vm_fault causes an early pmap level resolution	*/
+	/* of the mappings created above.  Need for this is in absolute	*/
+	/* violation of the basic tenet that the pmap layer is a cache.	*/
+	/* Further, it implies a serious I/O architectural violation on	*/
+	/* the part of some user of the mapping.  As of this writing, 	*/
+	/* the call to vm_fault is needed because the NVIDIA driver 	*/
+	/* makes a call to pmap_extract.  The NVIDIA driver needs to be	*/
+	/* fixed as soon as possible.  The NVIDIA driver should not 	*/
+	/* need to query for this info as it should know from the doMap	*/
+	/* call where the physical memory is mapped.  When a query is 	*/
+	/* necessary to find a physical mapping, it should be done 	*/
+	/* through an iokit call which includes the mapped memory 	*/
+	/* handle.  This is required for machine architecture independence.*/
+
+	if(!(kIOMemoryRedirected & _flags)) {
+		vm_fault(addressMap, 
+			 (vm_map_offset_t)address, 
+			 VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, 
+			 FALSE, THREAD_UNINT, NULL, 
+			 (vm_map_offset_t)0);
+	}
+
+	/*  *** Temporary Workaround *** */
+	/*  *** ALERT *** */
+#endif
 	sourceOffset += segLen - pageOffset;
 	address += segLen;
 	bytes -= segLen;
 	pageOffset = 0;
 
     } while( bytes
-	&& (physAddr = getPhysicalSegment( sourceOffset, &segLen )));
+	&& (physAddr = getPhysicalSegment64( sourceOffset, &segLen )));
 
     if( bytes)
         err = kIOReturnBadArgument;
@@ -1592,9 +2347,9 @@
                 addressMap, logical, length );
 #endif
 
-    if( (addressMap == kernel_map) || (addressMap == get_task_map(current_task()))) {
-
-        if( _memEntry && (addressMap == kernel_map) && (kIOMemoryRequiresWire & _flags))
+    if( true /* && (addressMap == kernel_map) || (addressMap == get_task_map(current_task()))*/) {
+
+        if( _memEntry && (addressMap == kernel_map) && (kIOMemoryBufferPageable & _flags))
             addressMap = IOPageableMapForAddress( logical );
 
         err = vm_deallocate( addressMap, logical, length );
@@ -1605,28 +2360,31 @@
     return( err );
 }
 
-IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::redirect( task_t safeTask, bool redirect )
-{
-    IOReturn		err;
+IOReturn IOMemoryDescriptor::redirect( task_t safeTask, bool doRedirect )
+{
+    IOReturn		err = kIOReturnSuccess;
     _IOMemoryMap *	mapping = 0;
     OSIterator *	iter;
 
     LOCK;
 
+    if( doRedirect)
+        _flags |= kIOMemoryRedirected;
+    else
+        _flags &= ~kIOMemoryRedirected;
+
     do {
 	if( (iter = OSCollectionIterator::withCollection( _mappings))) {
-            while( (mapping = (_IOMemoryMap *) iter->getNextObject()))
-                mapping->redirect( safeTask, redirect );
-
-            iter->release();
-        }
+	    while( (mapping = (_IOMemoryMap *) iter->getNextObject()))
+		mapping->redirect( safeTask, doRedirect );
+
+	    iter->release();
+	}
     } while( false );
 
-    if( redirect)
-        _flags |= kIOMemoryRedirected;
-    else {
-        _flags &= ~kIOMemoryRedirected;
-        thread_wakeup( (event_t) this);
+    if (!doRedirect)
+    {
+        WAKEUP;
     }
 
     UNLOCK;
@@ -1634,33 +2392,35 @@
     // temporary binary compatibility
     IOSubMemoryDescriptor * subMem;
     if( (subMem = OSDynamicCast( IOSubMemoryDescriptor, this)))
-        err = subMem->redirect( safeTask, redirect );
+	err = subMem->redirect( safeTask, doRedirect );
     else
-        err = kIOReturnSuccess;
+	err = kIOReturnSuccess;
 
     return( err );
 }
 
-IOReturn IOSubMemoryDescriptor::redirect( task_t safeTask, bool redirect )
-{
-    return( _parent->redirect( safeTask, redirect ));
-}
-
-IOReturn _IOMemoryMap::redirect( task_t safeTask, bool redirect )
+IOReturn IOSubMemoryDescriptor::redirect( task_t safeTask, bool doRedirect )
+{
+    return( _parent->redirect( safeTask, doRedirect ));
+}
+
+IOReturn _IOMemoryMap::redirect( task_t safeTask, bool doRedirect )
 {
     IOReturn err = kIOReturnSuccess;
 
     if( superMap) {
-//        err = ((_IOMemoryMap *)superMap)->redirect( safeTask, redirect );
+//        err = ((_IOMemoryMap *)superMap)->redirect( safeTask, doRedirect );
     } else {
 
         LOCK;
         if( logical && addressMap
-        && (get_task_map( safeTask) != addressMap)
-        && (0 == (options & kIOMapStatic))) {
-    
-            IOUnmapPages( addressMap, logical, length );
-            if( !redirect) {
+	&& (!safeTask || (get_task_map(safeTask) != addressMap))
+        && (0 == (options & kIOMapStatic)))
+	{
+	    IOUnmapPages( addressMap, logical, length );
+            if(!doRedirect && safeTask
+	     && ((memory->_flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask) == kIOMemoryTypePhysical))
+	     {
                 err = vm_deallocate( addressMap, logical, length );
                 err = memory->doMap( addressMap, &logical,
                                      (options & ~kIOMapAnywhere) /*| kIOMapReserve*/,
@@ -1668,11 +2428,16 @@
             } else
                 err = kIOReturnSuccess;
 #ifdef DEBUG
-            IOLog("IOMemoryMap::redirect(%d, %x) %x from %p\n", redirect, err, logical, addressMap);
+	    IOLog("IOMemoryMap::redirect(%d, %p) %x:%lx from %p\n", doRedirect, this, logical, length, addressMap);
 #endif
         }
         UNLOCK;
     }
+
+    if (((memory->_flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask) == kIOMemoryTypePhysical) 
+     && safeTask
+     && (doRedirect != (0 != (memory->_flags & kIOMemoryRedirected))))
+	memory->redirect(safeTask, doRedirect);
 
     return( err );
 }
@@ -1709,6 +2474,17 @@
     }
     addressTask	= 0;
     logical	= 0;
+    UNLOCK;
+}
+
+// Overload the release mechanism.  All mappings must be a member
+// of a memory descriptors _mappings set.  This means that we
+// always have 2 references on a mapping.  When either of these mappings
+// are released we need to free ourselves.
+void _IOMemoryMap::taggedRelease(const void *tag) const
+{
+    LOCK;
+    super::taggedRelease(tag, 2);
     UNLOCK;
 }
 
@@ -1723,8 +2499,20 @@
 	memory->release();
     }
 
+    if (owner && (owner != memory))
+    {
+        LOCK;
+	owner->removeMapping(this);
+	UNLOCK;
+    }
+
     if( superMap)
 	superMap->release();
+
+    if (redirUPL) {
+	upl_commit(redirUPL, NULL, 0);
+	upl_deallocate(redirUPL);
+    }
 
     super::free();
 }
@@ -1757,7 +2545,7 @@
     return( memory );
 }
 
-_IOMemoryMap * _IOMemoryMap::isCompatible(
+_IOMemoryMap * _IOMemoryMap::copyCompatible(
 		IOMemoryDescriptor *	owner,
                 task_t			task,
                 IOVirtualAddress	toAddress,
@@ -1767,9 +2555,14 @@
 {
     _IOMemoryMap * mapping;
 
-    if( (!task) || (task != getAddressTask()))
+    if( (!task) || (!addressMap) || (addressMap != get_task_map(task)))
 	return( 0 );
-    if( (options ^ _options) & (kIOMapCacheMask | kIOMapReadOnly))
+    if( options & kIOMapUnique)
+	return( 0 );
+    if( (options ^ _options) & kIOMapReadOnly)
+	return( 0 );
+    if( (kIOMapDefaultCache != (_options & kIOMapCacheMask)) 
+     && ((options ^ _options) & kIOMapCacheMask))
 	return( 0 );
 
     if( (0 == (_options & kIOMapAnywhere)) && (logical != toAddress))
@@ -1790,7 +2583,7 @@
     } else {
         mapping = new _IOMemoryMap;
         if( mapping
-        && !mapping->init( owner, this, _offset, _length )) {
+        && !mapping->initCompatible( owner, this, _offset, _length )) {
             mapping->release();
             mapping = 0;
         }
@@ -1800,12 +2593,12 @@
 }
 
 IOPhysicalAddress _IOMemoryMap::getPhysicalSegment( IOByteCount _offset,
-	       					    IOPhysicalLength * length)
+	       					    IOPhysicalLength * _length)
 {
     IOPhysicalAddress	address;
 
     LOCK;
-    address = memory->getPhysicalSegment( offset + _offset, length );
+    address = memory->getPhysicalSegment( offset + _offset, _length );
     UNLOCK;
 
     return( address );
@@ -1822,15 +2615,15 @@
 {
     if( 0 == gIOMemoryLock)
 	gIOMemoryLock = IORecursiveLockAlloc();
+
+    IORegistryEntry::getRegistryRoot()->setProperty(kIOMaximumMappedIOByteCountKey,
+						    ptoa_64(gIOMaximumMappedIOPageCount), 64);
 }
 
 void IOMemoryDescriptor::free( void )
 {
     if( _mappings)
 	_mappings->release();
-
-    if( reserved)
-        IODelete( reserved, ExpansionData, 1 );
 
     super::free();
 }
@@ -1838,30 +2631,30 @@
 IOMemoryMap * IOMemoryDescriptor::setMapping(
 	task_t			intoTask,
 	IOVirtualAddress	mapAddress,
-	IOOptionBits		options = 0 )
-{
-    _IOMemoryMap *		map;
-
-    map = new _IOMemoryMap;
+	IOOptionBits		options )
+{
+    _IOMemoryMap *		newMap;
+
+    newMap = new _IOMemoryMap;
 
     LOCK;
 
-    if( map
-     && !map->init( this, intoTask, mapAddress,
+    if( newMap
+     && !newMap->initWithDescriptor( this, intoTask, mapAddress,
                     options | kIOMapStatic, 0, getLength() )) {
-	map->release();
-	map = 0;
-    }
-
-    addMapping( map);
+	newMap->release();
+	newMap = 0;
+    }
+
+    addMapping( newMap);
 
     UNLOCK;
 
-    return( map);
+    return( newMap);
 }
 
 IOMemoryMap * IOMemoryDescriptor::map( 
-	IOOptionBits		options = 0 )
+	IOOptionBits		options )
 {
 
     return( makeMapping( this, kernel_task, 0,
@@ -1873,13 +2666,76 @@
 	task_t			intoTask,
 	IOVirtualAddress	toAddress,
 	IOOptionBits		options,
-	IOByteCount		offset = 0,
-	IOByteCount		length = 0 )
+	IOByteCount		offset,
+	IOByteCount		length )
 {
     if( 0 == length)
 	length = getLength();
 
     return( makeMapping( this, intoTask, toAddress, options, offset, length ));
+}
+
+IOReturn _IOMemoryMap::redirect(IOMemoryDescriptor * newBackingMemory,
+			        IOOptionBits         options,
+			        IOByteCount          offset)
+{
+    IOReturn err = kIOReturnSuccess;
+    IOMemoryDescriptor * physMem = 0;
+
+    LOCK;
+
+    if (logical && addressMap) do 
+    {
+	if ((memory->_flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask) == kIOMemoryTypePhysical)
+	{
+	    physMem = memory;
+	    physMem->retain();
+	}
+
+	if (!redirUPL)
+	{
+	    vm_size_t size = length;
+	    int flags = UPL_COPYOUT_FROM | UPL_SET_INTERNAL 
+			| UPL_SET_LITE | UPL_SET_IO_WIRE | UPL_BLOCK_ACCESS;
+	    if (KERN_SUCCESS != memory_object_iopl_request((ipc_port_t) memory->_memEntry, 0, &size, &redirUPL,
+					    NULL, NULL,
+					    &flags))
+		redirUPL = 0;
+
+	    if (physMem)
+	    {
+		IOUnmapPages( addressMap, logical, length );
+		physMem->redirect(0, true);
+	    }
+	}
+
+	if (newBackingMemory)
+	{
+	    if (newBackingMemory != memory)
+	    {
+		if (this != newBackingMemory->makeMapping(newBackingMemory, addressTask, (IOVirtualAddress) this, 
+							    options | kIOMapUnique | kIOMapReference,
+							    offset, length))
+		    err = kIOReturnError;
+	    }
+	    if (redirUPL)
+	    {
+		upl_commit(redirUPL, NULL, 0);
+		upl_deallocate(redirUPL);
+		redirUPL = 0;
+	    }
+	    if (physMem)
+		physMem->redirect(0, false);
+	}
+    }
+    while (false);
+
+    UNLOCK;
+
+    if (physMem)
+	physMem->release();
+
+    return (err);
 }
 
 IOMemoryMap * IOMemoryDescriptor::makeMapping(
@@ -1890,49 +2746,126 @@
 	IOByteCount		offset,
 	IOByteCount		length )
 {
+    IOMemoryDescriptor * mapDesc = 0;
     _IOMemoryMap *	mapping = 0;
     OSIterator *	iter;
 
     LOCK;
 
-    do {
-	// look for an existing mapping
-	if( (iter = OSCollectionIterator::withCollection( _mappings))) {
-
-            while( (mapping = (_IOMemoryMap *) iter->getNextObject())) {
-
-		if( (mapping = mapping->isCompatible( 
-					owner, intoTask, toAddress,
-					options | kIOMapReference,
-					offset, length )))
-		    break;
-            }
-            iter->release();
-            if( mapping)
-                continue;
-        }
-
-
-	if( mapping || (options & kIOMapReference))
-	    continue;
-
+    do
+    {
+	if (kIOMapUnique & options)
+	{
+	    IOPhysicalAddress phys;
+	    IOByteCount       physLen;
+
+	    if (owner != this)
+		continue;
+
+	    if ((_flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask) == kIOMemoryTypePhysical)
+	    {
+		phys = getPhysicalSegment(offset, &physLen);
+		if (!phys || (physLen < length))
+		    continue;
+    
+		mapDesc = IOMemoryDescriptor::withPhysicalAddress(
+				phys, length, _direction);
+		if (!mapDesc)
+		    continue;
+		offset = 0;
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		mapDesc = this;
+		mapDesc->retain();
+	    }
+
+	    if (kIOMapReference & options)
+	    {
+		mapping = (_IOMemoryMap *) toAddress;
+		mapping->retain();
+
+#if 1
+		uint32_t pageOffset1 = mapDesc->getSourceSegment( offset, NULL );
+		pageOffset1 -= trunc_page_32( pageOffset1 );
+
+		uint32_t pageOffset2 = mapping->getVirtualAddress();
+		pageOffset2 -= trunc_page_32( pageOffset2 );
+		
+		if (pageOffset1 != pageOffset2)
+		    IOLog("::redirect can't map offset %x to addr %x\n", 
+			    pageOffset1, mapping->getVirtualAddress());
+#endif
+
+
+		if (!mapping->initWithDescriptor( mapDesc, intoTask, toAddress, options,
+						    offset, length ))
+		{
+#ifdef DEBUG
+		    IOLog("Didn't redirect map %08lx : %08lx\n", offset, length );
+#endif
+		}
+
+		if (mapping->owner)
+		    mapping->owner->removeMapping(mapping);
+		continue;
+	    }
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    // look for an existing mapping
+	    if( (iter = OSCollectionIterator::withCollection( _mappings))) {
+    
+		while( (mapping = (_IOMemoryMap *) iter->getNextObject())) {
+    
+		    if( (mapping = mapping->copyCompatible( 
+					    owner, intoTask, toAddress,
+					    options | kIOMapReference,
+					    offset, length )))
+			break;
+		}
+		iter->release();
+	    }
+
+
+	if (mapping)
+	    mapping->retain();
+
+	    if( mapping || (options & kIOMapReference))
+		continue;
+
+	    mapDesc = owner;
+	    mapDesc->retain();
+	}
 	owner = this;
 
         mapping = new _IOMemoryMap;
 	if( mapping
-	&& !mapping->init( owner, intoTask, toAddress, options,
+	&& !mapping->initWithDescriptor( mapDesc, intoTask, toAddress, options,
 			   offset, length )) {
-
+#ifdef DEBUG
 	    IOLog("Didn't make map %08lx : %08lx\n", offset, length );
+#endif
 	    mapping->release();
             mapping = 0;
 	}
 
+	if (mapping)
+	    mapping->retain();
+
     } while( false );
 
-    owner->addMapping( mapping);
+    if (mapping)
+    {
+	mapping->owner = owner;
+	owner->addMapping( mapping);
+	mapping->release();
+    }
 
     UNLOCK;
+
+    if (mapDesc)
+	mapDesc->release();
 
     return( mapping);
 }
@@ -1943,19 +2876,16 @@
     if( mapping) {
         if( 0 == _mappings)
             _mappings = OSSet::withCapacity(1);
-	if( _mappings && _mappings->setObject( mapping ))
-	    mapping->release(); 	/* really */
+	if( _mappings )
+	    _mappings->setObject( mapping );
     }
 }
 
 void IOMemoryDescriptor::removeMapping(
 	IOMemoryMap * mapping )
 {
-    if( _mappings) {
-        mapping->retain();
-        mapping->retain();
+    if( _mappings)
         _mappings->removeObject( mapping);
-    }
 }
 
 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
@@ -1969,22 +2899,38 @@
 
 bool IOSubMemoryDescriptor::initSubRange( IOMemoryDescriptor * parent,
 					IOByteCount offset, IOByteCount length,
-					IODirection withDirection )
-{
-    if( !super::init())
-	return( false );
-
+					IODirection direction )
+{
     if( !parent)
 	return( false);
 
     if( (offset + length) > parent->getLength())
 	return( false);
+
+    /*
+     * We can check the _parent instance variable before having ever set it
+     * to an initial value because I/O Kit guarantees that all our instance
+     * variables are zeroed on an object's allocation.
+     */
+
+    if( !_parent) {
+	if( !super::init())
+	    return( false );
+    } else {
+	/*
+	 * An existing memory descriptor is being retargeted to
+	 * point to somewhere else.  Clean up our present state.
+	 */
+
+	_parent->release();
+	_parent = 0;
+    }
 
     parent->retain();
     _parent	= parent;
     _start	= offset;
     _length	= length;
-    _direction  = withDirection;
+    _direction  = direction;
     _tag	= parent->getTag();
 
     return( true );
@@ -2021,6 +2967,19 @@
     return( address );
 }
 
+
+IOReturn IOSubMemoryDescriptor::doMap(
+	vm_map_t		addressMap,
+	IOVirtualAddress *	atAddress,
+	IOOptionBits		options,
+	IOByteCount		sourceOffset,
+	IOByteCount		length )
+{
+    if( sourceOffset >= _length)
+        return( kIOReturnOverrun );
+    return (_parent->doMap(addressMap, atAddress, options, sourceOffset + _start, length));
+}
+
 IOPhysicalAddress IOSubMemoryDescriptor::getSourceSegment( IOByteCount offset,
 						      	   IOByteCount * length )
 {
@@ -2050,7 +3009,7 @@
 }
 
 IOByteCount IOSubMemoryDescriptor::readBytes(IOByteCount offset,
-					void * bytes, IOByteCount withLength)
+					void * bytes, IOByteCount length)
 {
     IOByteCount	byteCount;
 
@@ -2061,14 +3020,14 @@
 
     LOCK;
     byteCount = _parent->readBytes( _start + offset, bytes,
-				min(withLength, _length - offset) );
+				min(length, _length - offset) );
     UNLOCK;
 
     return( byteCount );
 }
 
 IOByteCount IOSubMemoryDescriptor::writeBytes(IOByteCount offset,
-				const void* bytes, IOByteCount withLength)
+				const void* bytes, IOByteCount length)
 {
     IOByteCount	byteCount;
 
@@ -2079,14 +3038,44 @@
 
     LOCK;
     byteCount = _parent->writeBytes( _start + offset, bytes,
-				min(withLength, _length - offset) );
+				min(length, _length - offset) );
     UNLOCK;
 
     return( byteCount );
 }
 
+IOReturn IOSubMemoryDescriptor::setPurgeable( IOOptionBits newState,
+                                    IOOptionBits * oldState )
+{
+    IOReturn err;
+
+    LOCK;
+    err = _parent->setPurgeable( newState, oldState );
+    UNLOCK;
+
+    return( err );
+}
+
+IOReturn IOSubMemoryDescriptor::performOperation( IOOptionBits options,
+                                        IOByteCount offset, IOByteCount length )
+{
+    IOReturn err;
+
+    assert(offset <= _length);
+
+    if( offset >= _length)
+        return( kIOReturnOverrun );
+
+    LOCK;
+    err = _parent->performOperation( options, _start + offset,
+                                      min(length, _length - offset) );
+    UNLOCK;
+
+    return( err );
+}
+
 IOReturn IOSubMemoryDescriptor::prepare(
-		IODirection forDirection = kIODirectionNone)
+		IODirection forDirection)
 {
     IOReturn	err;
 
@@ -2098,7 +3087,7 @@
 }
 
 IOReturn IOSubMemoryDescriptor::complete(
-		IODirection forDirection = kIODirectionNone)
+		IODirection forDirection)
 {
     IOReturn	err;
 
@@ -2117,9 +3106,10 @@
 	IOByteCount		offset,
 	IOByteCount		length )
 {
-    IOMemoryMap * mapping;
-
-     mapping = (IOMemoryMap *) _parent->makeMapping(
+    IOMemoryMap * mapping = 0;
+
+    if (!(kIOMapUnique & options))
+	mapping = (IOMemoryMap *) _parent->makeMapping(
 					_parent, intoTask,
 					toAddress - (_start + offset),
 					options | kIOMapReference,
@@ -2142,17 +3132,17 @@
 
 bool
 IOSubMemoryDescriptor::initWithAddress(void *      address,
-                                    IOByteCount   withLength,
-                                    IODirection withDirection)
+                                    IOByteCount   length,
+                                    IODirection direction)
 {
     return( false );
 }
 
 bool
 IOSubMemoryDescriptor::initWithAddress(vm_address_t address,
-                                    IOByteCount    withLength,
-                                    IODirection  withDirection,
-                                    task_t       withTask)
+                                    IOByteCount    length,
+                                    IODirection  direction,
+                                    task_t       task)
 {
     return( false );
 }
@@ -2160,8 +3150,8 @@
 bool
 IOSubMemoryDescriptor::initWithPhysicalAddress(
 				 IOPhysicalAddress	address,
-				 IOByteCount		withLength,
-				 IODirection      	withDirection )
+				 IOByteCount		length,
+				 IODirection      	direction )
 {
     return( false );
 }
@@ -2170,9 +3160,9 @@
 IOSubMemoryDescriptor::initWithRanges(
                                    	IOVirtualRange * ranges,
                                    	UInt32           withCount,
-                                   	IODirection      withDirection,
-                                   	task_t           withTask,
-                                  	bool             asReference = false)
+                                   	IODirection      direction,
+                                   	task_t           task,
+                                  	bool             asReference)
 {
     return( false );
 }
@@ -2180,19 +3170,164 @@
 bool
 IOSubMemoryDescriptor::initWithPhysicalRanges(	IOPhysicalRange * ranges,
                                         	UInt32           withCount,
-                                        	IODirection      withDirection,
-                                        	bool             asReference = false)
+                                        	IODirection      direction,
+                                        	bool             asReference)
 {
     return( false );
 }
 
 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
 
+bool IOGeneralMemoryDescriptor::serialize(OSSerialize * s) const
+{
+    OSSymbol const *keys[2];
+    OSObject *values[2];
+    struct SerData {
+	user_addr_t address;
+	user_size_t length;
+    } *vcopy;
+    unsigned int index, nRanges;
+    bool result;
+
+    IOOptionBits type = _flags & kIOMemoryTypeMask;
+
+    if (s == NULL) return false;
+    if (s->previouslySerialized(this)) return true;
+
+    // Pretend we are an array.
+    if (!s->addXMLStartTag(this, "array")) return false;
+
+    nRanges = _rangesCount;
+    vcopy = (SerData *) IOMalloc(sizeof(SerData) * nRanges);
+    if (vcopy == 0) return false;
+
+    keys[0] = OSSymbol::withCString("address");
+    keys[1] = OSSymbol::withCString("length");
+
+    result = false;
+    values[0] = values[1] = 0;
+
+    // From this point on we can go to bail.
+
+    // Copy the volatile data so we don't have to allocate memory
+    // while the lock is held.
+    LOCK;
+    if (nRanges == _rangesCount) {
+	Ranges vec = _ranges;
+        for (index = 0; index < nRanges; index++) {
+	    user_addr_t addr; IOByteCount len;
+	    getAddrLenForInd(addr, len, type, vec, index);
+            vcopy[index].address = addr;
+            vcopy[index].length  = len;
+        }
+    } else {
+	// The descriptor changed out from under us.  Give up.
+        UNLOCK;
+	result = false;
+        goto bail;
+    }
+    UNLOCK;
+
+    for (index = 0; index < nRanges; index++)
+    {
+	user_addr_t addr = vcopy[index].address;
+	IOByteCount len = (IOByteCount) vcopy[index].length;
+	values[0] =
+	    OSNumber::withNumber(addr, (((UInt64) addr) >> 32)? 64 : 32);
+	if (values[0] == 0) {
+	  result = false;
+	  goto bail;
+	}
+	values[1] = OSNumber::withNumber(len, sizeof(len) * 8);
+	if (values[1] == 0) {
+	  result = false;
+	  goto bail;
+	}
+        OSDictionary *dict = OSDictionary::withObjects((const OSObject **)values, (const OSSymbol **)keys, 2);
+	if (dict == 0) {
+	  result = false;
+	  goto bail;
+	}
+	values[0]->release();
+	values[1]->release();
+	values[0] = values[1] = 0;
+
+	result = dict->serialize(s);
+	dict->release();
+	if (!result) {
+	  goto bail;
+	}
+    }
+    result = s->addXMLEndTag("array");
+
+ bail:
+    if (values[0])
+      values[0]->release();
+    if (values[1])
+      values[1]->release();
+    if (keys[0])
+      keys[0]->release();
+    if (keys[1])
+      keys[1]->release();
+    if (vcopy)
+        IOFree(vcopy, sizeof(IOVirtualRange) * nRanges);
+    return result;
+}
+
+bool IOSubMemoryDescriptor::serialize(OSSerialize * s) const
+{
+    if (!s) {
+	return (false);
+    }
+    if (s->previouslySerialized(this)) return true;
+
+    // Pretend we are a dictionary.
+    // We must duplicate the functionality of OSDictionary here
+    // because otherwise object references will not work;
+    // they are based on the value of the object passed to
+    // previouslySerialized and addXMLStartTag.
+
+    if (!s->addXMLStartTag(this, "dict")) return false;
+
+    char const *keys[3] = {"offset", "length", "parent"};
+
+    OSObject *values[3];
+    values[0] = OSNumber::withNumber(_start, sizeof(_start) * 8);
+    if (values[0] == 0)
+	return false;
+    values[1] = OSNumber::withNumber(_length, sizeof(_length) * 8);
+    if (values[1] == 0) {
+	values[0]->release();
+	return false;
+    }
+    values[2] = _parent;
+
+    bool result = true;
+    for (int i=0; i<3; i++) {
+        if (!s->addString("<key>") ||
+	    !s->addString(keys[i]) ||
+	    !s->addXMLEndTag("key") ||
+	    !values[i]->serialize(s)) {
+	  result = false;
+	  break;
+        }
+    }
+    values[0]->release();
+    values[1]->release();
+    if (!result) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    return s->addXMLEndTag("dict");
+}
+
+/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
+
 OSMetaClassDefineReservedUsed(IOMemoryDescriptor, 0);
-OSMetaClassDefineReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor, 1);
-OSMetaClassDefineReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor, 2);
-OSMetaClassDefineReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor, 3);
-OSMetaClassDefineReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor, 4);
+OSMetaClassDefineReservedUsed(IOMemoryDescriptor, 1);
+OSMetaClassDefineReservedUsed(IOMemoryDescriptor, 2);
+OSMetaClassDefineReservedUsed(IOMemoryDescriptor, 3);
+OSMetaClassDefineReservedUsed(IOMemoryDescriptor, 4);
 OSMetaClassDefineReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor, 5);
 OSMetaClassDefineReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor, 6);
 OSMetaClassDefineReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor, 7);
@@ -2204,3 +3339,7 @@
 OSMetaClassDefineReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor, 13);
 OSMetaClassDefineReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor, 14);
 OSMetaClassDefineReservedUnused(IOMemoryDescriptor, 15);
+
+/* ex-inline function implementation */
+IOPhysicalAddress IOMemoryDescriptor::getPhysicalAddress()
+        { return( getPhysicalSegment( 0, 0 )); }