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mach_o/Image.cpp /dev/null dyld-1122.1.2
--- /dev/null
+++ dyld/dyld-1122.1.2/mach_o/Image.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,740 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
+ *
+ * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
+ * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
+ * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
+ * compliance with the License. Please obtain a copy of the License at
+ * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this
+ * file.
+ *
+ * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
+ * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
+ * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
+ * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ * @APPLE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
+ */
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <mach/machine.h>
+#include <mach-o/fat.h>
+#include <uuid/uuid.h>
+
+#include <TargetConditionals.h>
+#if !TARGET_OS_EXCLAVEKIT
+  #include <mach-o/reloc.h>
+  #include <libc_private.h>
+#endif // !TARGET_OS_EXCLAVEKIT
+
+#include "Image.h"
+#include "Misc.h"
+#include "CompactUnwind.h"
+
+namespace mach_o {
+
+Image::Image(const void* buffer, size_t bufferSize, MappingKind kind)
+    : _buffer((Header*)buffer), _bufferSize(bufferSize), _hasZerofillExpansion(false)
+{
+    // figure out location of LINKEDIT
+    switch ( kind ) {
+        case MappingKind::wholeSliceMapped:
+            _hasZerofillExpansion = false;
+            break;
+        case MappingKind::dyldLoadedPreFixups:
+        case MappingKind::dyldLoadedPostFixups:
+            _hasZerofillExpansion = _buffer->hasZerofillExpansion();
+            break;
+        case MappingKind::unknown:
+            _hasZerofillExpansion = inferIfZerofillExpanded();
+            break;
+    }
+    _linkeditBias = _buffer->computeLinkEditBias(_hasZerofillExpansion);
+
+    // minimal check of load commands
+    if ( Error err = _buffer->validStructureLoadCommands(bufferSize) )
+        return;
+
+    // build parts
+    makeExportsTrie();
+    makeSymbolTable();
+    makeRebaseOpcodes();
+    makeBindOpcodes();
+    makeLazyBindOpcodes();
+    makeWeakBindOpcodes();
+    makeChainedFixups();
+    makeFunctionStarts();
+    makeCompactUnwind();
+    makeSplitSegInfo();
+}
+
+// need move constructor because object has pointers to within itself (e.g. _exportsTrie points to _exportsTrieSpace)
+Image::Image(const Image&& other)
+    : _buffer(other._buffer), _bufferSize(other._bufferSize), _linkeditBias(other._linkeditBias),  _hasZerofillExpansion(other._hasZerofillExpansion)
+{
+    // build parts
+    makeExportsTrie();
+    makeSymbolTable();
+    makeRebaseOpcodes();
+    makeBindOpcodes();
+    makeLazyBindOpcodes();
+    makeWeakBindOpcodes();
+    makeChainedFixups();
+    makeFunctionStarts();
+    makeCompactUnwind();
+    makeSplitSegInfo();
+}
+
+
+// used to figure out of mach-o was mapped with zero fill or not
+bool Image::inferIfZerofillExpanded() const
+{
+    // MH_PRELOAD files can only be wholeSliceMapped because load commands and linkedit are not in segments
+    if ( _buffer->isPreload() || _buffer->isFileSet() )
+        return false;
+
+    // if file has no zero-fill, then both ways to load are the same
+    if ( !_buffer->hasZerofillExpansion() )
+        return false;
+
+    // if file is code-signed, check for code-sig-magic in both possible locations
+    {
+        uint32_t sigFileOffset;
+        uint32_t sigSize;
+        if ( _buffer->hasCodeSignature(sigFileOffset, sigSize) ) {
+            if ( sigFileOffset < _bufferSize ) {
+                const uint32_t* unexpandedLoc = (uint32_t*)((uint8_t*)_buffer + sigFileOffset);
+                if ( *unexpandedLoc == 0xc00cdefa ) // CSMAGIC_EMBEDDED_SIGNATURE
+                    return false;
+                const uint32_t* expandedLoc = (uint32_t*)((uint8_t*)_buffer + _buffer->zerofillExpansionAmount() + sigFileOffset);
+                if ( *expandedLoc == 0xc00cdefa )
+                    return true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // FIXME:
+    assert(false && "handle unsigned");
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+Error Image::validate()
+{
+    // validate mach_header and load commands
+    if ( Error err = _buffer->valid(_bufferSize) )
+        return err;
+
+    // create Policy object for this binary
+    Policy policy(_buffer->arch(), _buffer->platformAndVersions(), _buffer->mh.filetype, false);
+
+    // validate LINKEDIT
+    if ( Error err = this->validLinkedit(policy) )
+        return err;
+
+    return Error::none();
+}
+
+Error Image::validLinkedit(const Policy& policy)
+{
+    // validate structure of linkedit
+    if ( Error err = validStructureLinkedit(policy) )
+        return err;
+
+    // if image has an exports trie, validate that
+    if ( this->hasExportsTrie() ) {
+        uint64_t max = 0x200000000; // FIXME
+        if ( Error err = this->exportsTrie().valid(max) )
+            return err;
+    }
+
+    // if image has a symbol table, validate that
+    if ( this->hasSymbolTable() ) {
+        uint64_t max = 0x200000000; // FIXME
+        if ( Error err = this->symbolTable().valid(max) )
+            return err;
+    }
+
+    uint32_t segCount = this->segmentCount();
+    MappedSegment segs[segCount];
+    for (uint32_t i=0; i < segCount; ++i)
+        segs[i] = this->segment(i);
+    std::span<const MappedSegment> segSpan{segs, segCount};
+
+    // if image has rebase opcodes
+    if ( this->hasRebaseOpcodes() ) {
+        if ( Error err = this->rebaseOpcodes().valid(segSpan, _buffer->mayHaveTextFixups(), policy.enforceFixupsInWritableSegments()) )
+            return err;
+    }
+
+    // if image has bind opcodes
+    if ( this->hasBindOpcodes() ) {
+        if ( Error err = this->bindOpcodes().valid(segSpan, _buffer->dependentDylibCount(), _buffer->mayHaveTextFixups(), policy.enforceFixupsInWritableSegments()) )
+            return err;
+    }
+
+    // if image has lazy bind opcodes
+    if ( this->hasLazyBindOpcodes() ) {
+        if ( Error err = this->lazyBindOpcodes().valid(segSpan, _buffer->dependentDylibCount(), _buffer->mayHaveTextFixups(), policy.enforceFixupsInWritableSegments()) )
+            return err;
+    }
+
+    // if image has chained fixups
+    if ( this->hasChainedFixups() ) {
+        if ( Error err = this->chainedFixups().valid(segSpan) )
+            return err;
+    }
+
+    return Error::none();
+}
+
+namespace {
+    struct LinkEditContentChunk
+    {
+        const char* name;
+        uint32_t    alignment;
+        uint32_t    fileOffset;
+        size_t      size;
+
+        // only have a few chunks, so bubble sort is ok.  Don't use libc's qsort because it may call malloc
+        static void sort(LinkEditContentChunk array[], unsigned long count)
+        {
+            for ( unsigned i = 0; i < count - 1; ++i ) {
+                bool done = true;
+                for ( unsigned j = 0; j < count - i - 1; ++j ) {
+                    if ( array[j].fileOffset > array[j + 1].fileOffset ) {
+                        LinkEditContentChunk temp = array[j];
+                        array[j]                  = array[j + 1];
+                        array[j + 1]              = temp;
+                        done                      = false;
+                    }
+                }
+                if ( done )
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    };
+} // anonymous namespace
+
+#if !TARGET_OS_EXCLAVEKIT
+Error Image::validStructureLinkedit(const Policy& policy)
+{
+    // build vector of all blobs in LINKEDIT
+    const uint32_t       ptrSize = _buffer->pointerSize();
+    LinkEditContentChunk blobs[32];
+    __block LinkEditContentChunk* bp                = blobs;
+    __block uint32_t              symCount          = 0;
+    __block uint32_t              indSymCount       = 0;
+    __block bool                  hasIndSymTab      = false;
+    __block bool                  hasLocalRelocs    = false;
+    __block bool                  hasExternalRelocs = false;
+    __block bool                  hasDyldInfo       = false;
+    __block bool                  hasChainedFixups  = false;
+    __block Error                 lcError;
+    (void)_buffer->forEachLoadCommand(^(const load_command* cmd, bool& stop) {
+        switch ( cmd->cmd ) {
+            case LC_SYMTAB: {
+                const symtab_command* symbTabCmd = (symtab_command*)cmd;
+                symCount                         = symbTabCmd->nsyms;
+                if ( symCount != 0 ) {
+                    if ( symCount > 0x10000000 ) {
+                        lcError = Error("malformed mach-o image: symbol table too large");
+                        stop    = true;
+                    }
+                    size_t size = symCount * (ptrSize == 8 ? sizeof(nlist_64) : sizeof(struct nlist));
+                    *bp++       = { "symbol table", ptrSize, symbTabCmd->symoff, (uint32_t)size };
+                }
+                if ( symbTabCmd->strsize != 0 )
+                    *bp++ = { "symbol table strings", 1, symbTabCmd->stroff, symbTabCmd->strsize };
+            } break;
+            case LC_DYSYMTAB: {
+                hasIndSymTab = true;
+                const dysymtab_command* dySymTabCmd = (dysymtab_command*)cmd;
+                if ( dySymTabCmd->nindirectsyms > 0x10000000 ) {
+                    lcError = Error("malformed mach-o image: indirect symbol table too large");
+                    stop    = true;
+                }
+                else if ( dySymTabCmd->ilocalsym != 0 ) {
+                    lcError = Error("malformed mach-o image: indirect symbol table ilocalsym != 0");
+                    stop    = true;
+                }
+                else if ( dySymTabCmd->iextdefsym != dySymTabCmd->nlocalsym ) {
+                    lcError = Error("malformed mach-o image: indirect symbol table iextdefsym != nlocalsym");
+                    stop    = true;
+                }
+                else if ( dySymTabCmd->iundefsym != (dySymTabCmd->iextdefsym + dySymTabCmd->nextdefsym) ) {
+                    lcError = Error("malformed mach-o image: indirect symbol table iundefsym != iextdefsym+nextdefsym");
+                    stop    = true;
+                }
+                indSymCount = dySymTabCmd->iundefsym + dySymTabCmd->nundefsym;
+                if ( dySymTabCmd->nlocrel != 0 ) {
+                    hasLocalRelocs = true;
+                    *bp++          = { "local relocations", ptrSize, dySymTabCmd->locreloff, dySymTabCmd->nlocrel * sizeof(relocation_info) };
+                }
+                if ( dySymTabCmd->nextrel != 0 ) {
+                    hasExternalRelocs = true;
+                    *bp++             = { "external relocations", ptrSize, dySymTabCmd->extreloff, dySymTabCmd->nextrel * sizeof(relocation_info) };
+                }
+                if ( dySymTabCmd->nindirectsyms != 0 )
+                    *bp++ = { "indirect symbol table", 4, dySymTabCmd->indirectsymoff, dySymTabCmd->nindirectsyms * 4 };
+            } break;
+            case LC_DYLD_INFO_ONLY:
+                hasDyldInfo = true;
+                [[clang::fallthrough]];
+            case LC_DYLD_INFO: {
+                const dyld_info_command* dyldInfoCmd = (dyld_info_command*)cmd;
+                if ( dyldInfoCmd->rebase_size != 0 )
+                    *bp++ = { "rebase opcodes", ptrSize, dyldInfoCmd->rebase_off, dyldInfoCmd->rebase_size };
+                if ( dyldInfoCmd->bind_size != 0 )
+                    *bp++ = { "bind opcodes", ptrSize, dyldInfoCmd->bind_off, dyldInfoCmd->bind_size };
+                if ( dyldInfoCmd->weak_bind_size != 0 )
+                    *bp++ = { "weak bind opcodes", ptrSize, dyldInfoCmd->weak_bind_off, dyldInfoCmd->weak_bind_size };
+                if ( dyldInfoCmd->lazy_bind_size != 0 )
+                    *bp++ = { "lazy bind opcodes", ptrSize, dyldInfoCmd->lazy_bind_off, dyldInfoCmd->lazy_bind_size };
+                if ( dyldInfoCmd->export_size != 0 )
+                    *bp++ = { "exports trie", ptrSize, dyldInfoCmd->export_off, dyldInfoCmd->export_size };
+            } break;
+            case LC_SEGMENT_SPLIT_INFO: {
+                const linkedit_data_command* splitSegCmd = (linkedit_data_command*)cmd;
+                if ( splitSegCmd->datasize != 0 )
+                    *bp++ = { "shared cache info", ptrSize, splitSegCmd->dataoff, splitSegCmd->datasize };
+            } break;
+            case LC_ATOM_INFO: {
+                const linkedit_data_command* relinkCmd = (linkedit_data_command*)cmd;
+                if ( relinkCmd->datasize != 0 )
+                    *bp++ = { "atom info", ptrSize, relinkCmd->dataoff, relinkCmd->datasize };
+            } break;
+            case LC_FUNCTION_STARTS: {
+                const linkedit_data_command* funStartsCmd = (linkedit_data_command*)cmd;
+                if ( funStartsCmd->datasize != 0 )
+                    *bp++ = { "function starts", ptrSize, funStartsCmd->dataoff, funStartsCmd->datasize };
+            } break;
+            case LC_DATA_IN_CODE: {
+                const linkedit_data_command* dataInCodeCmd = (linkedit_data_command*)cmd;
+                if ( dataInCodeCmd->datasize != 0 )
+                    *bp++ = { "data in code", ptrSize, dataInCodeCmd->dataoff, dataInCodeCmd->datasize };
+            } break;
+            case LC_CODE_SIGNATURE: {
+                const linkedit_data_command* codeSigCmd = (linkedit_data_command*)cmd;
+                if ( codeSigCmd->datasize != 0 )
+                    *bp++ = { "code signature", ptrSize, codeSigCmd->dataoff, codeSigCmd->datasize };
+            } break;
+            case LC_DYLD_EXPORTS_TRIE: {
+                const linkedit_data_command* exportsTrieCmd = (linkedit_data_command*)cmd;
+                if ( exportsTrieCmd->datasize != 0 )
+                    *bp++ = { "exports trie", ptrSize, exportsTrieCmd->dataoff, exportsTrieCmd->datasize };
+            } break;
+            case LC_DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS: {
+                const linkedit_data_command* chainedFixupsCmd = (linkedit_data_command*)cmd;
+                hasChainedFixups                              = true;
+                if ( chainedFixupsCmd->datasize != 0 )
+                    *bp++ = { "chained fixups", ptrSize, chainedFixupsCmd->dataoff, chainedFixupsCmd->datasize };
+            } break;
+        }
+    });
+    if ( lcError )
+        return std::move(lcError);
+    if ( hasIndSymTab && (symCount != indSymCount))
+        return Error("symbol count from symbol table and dynamic symbol table differ");
+
+    // check for bad combinations
+    if ( hasDyldInfo && policy.enforceOneFixupEncoding() ) {
+        if ( hasLocalRelocs )
+            return Error("malformed mach-o contains LC_DYLD_INFO_ONLY and local relocations");
+        if ( hasExternalRelocs )
+            return Error("malformed mach-o contains LC_DYLD_INFO_ONLY and external relocations");
+    }
+    if ( hasChainedFixups ) {
+        if ( hasLocalRelocs )
+            return Error("malformed mach-o contains LC_DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS and local relocations");
+        if ( hasExternalRelocs )
+            return Error("malformed mach-o contains LC_DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS and external relocations");
+    }
+    if ( hasDyldInfo && hasChainedFixups )
+        return Error("malformed mach-o contains LC_DYLD_INFO and LC_DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS");
+    if ( !hasExternalRelocs && !hasDyldInfo && !hasChainedFixups && (!_buffer->isMainExecutable() || _buffer->isPIE()) && !_buffer->isObjectFile() )
+        return Error("malformed mach-o missing relocations, LC_DYLD_INFO, or LC_DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS");
+
+    // find range of LINKEDIT
+    __block uint64_t linkeditFileOffsetStart = 0;
+    __block uint64_t linkeditFileOffsetEnd   = 0;
+    if ( _buffer->isObjectFile() ) {
+        // .o file don't have LINKEDIT, but the LINKEDIT content is still at the end of the file after the last section content
+        _buffer->forEachSection(^(const Header::SectionInfo& info, bool& stop) {
+            uint8_t sectType = (info.flags & SECTION_TYPE);
+            bool isZeroFill = ((sectType == S_ZEROFILL) || (sectType == S_THREAD_LOCAL_ZEROFILL));
+            if ( isZeroFill )
+                return;
+            uint64_t sectionEnd = info.fileOffset + info.size;
+            if ( sectionEnd > linkeditFileOffsetStart )
+                linkeditFileOffsetStart = sectionEnd;
+        });
+        linkeditFileOffsetEnd   = _bufferSize;
+        if ( linkeditFileOffsetStart == 0 ) {
+            // if all sections are zerofill sections, look for symbol table as start of linkedit
+            _buffer->forEachLoadCommandSafe(^(const load_command* cmd, bool& stop) {
+                if ( cmd->cmd == LC_SYMTAB ) {
+                    const symtab_command* symTab = (symtab_command*)cmd;
+                    linkeditFileOffsetStart = symTab->symoff;
+                }
+            });
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        (void)_buffer->forEachLoadCommand(^(const load_command* cmd, bool& stop) {
+            if ( cmd->cmd == LC_SEGMENT_64 ) {
+                const segment_command_64* segCmd = (segment_command_64*)cmd;
+                if ( strcmp(segCmd->segname, "__LINKEDIT") == 0 ) {
+                    linkeditFileOffsetStart = segCmd->fileoff;
+                    linkeditFileOffsetEnd   = segCmd->fileoff + segCmd->filesize;
+                    stop                    = true;
+                }
+            }
+            else if ( cmd->cmd == LC_SEGMENT ) {
+                const segment_command* segCmd = (segment_command*)cmd;
+                if ( strcmp(segCmd->segname, "__LINKEDIT") == 0 ) {
+                    linkeditFileOffsetStart = segCmd->fileoff;
+                    linkeditFileOffsetEnd   = segCmd->fileoff + segCmd->filesize;
+                    stop                    = true;
+                }
+            }
+        });
+        if ( (linkeditFileOffsetStart == 0) || (linkeditFileOffsetEnd == 0) )
+            return Error("bad or unknown fileoffset/size for LINKEDIT");
+    }
+
+    // sort blobs by file-offset and check for overlaps
+    const unsigned long blobCount = bp - blobs;
+    if ( blobCount == 0 ) {
+        // ok for .o files to have no content and no symbols
+        if ( _buffer->isObjectFile() )
+            return Error::none();
+        return Error("malformed mach-o has no LINKEDIT information");
+    }
+    LinkEditContentChunk::sort(blobs, blobCount);
+    uint64_t    prevEnd  = linkeditFileOffsetStart;
+    const char* prevName = "start of LINKEDIT";
+    for ( unsigned long i = 0; i < blobCount; ++i ) {
+        const LinkEditContentChunk& blob = blobs[i];
+        if ( blob.fileOffset < prevEnd ) {
+            return Error("LINKEDIT overlap of %s and %s", prevName, blob.name);
+        }
+        if ( greaterThanAddOrOverflow((uint64_t)blob.fileOffset, blob.size, linkeditFileOffsetEnd) ) {
+            return Error("LINKEDIT content '%s' extends beyond end of segment", blob.name);
+        }
+        if ( (blob.fileOffset & (blob.alignment - 1)) != 0 ) {
+            // <rdar://problem/51115705> relax code sig alignment for pre iOS 13
+            if ( strcmp(blob.name, "code signature") == 0 ) {
+                if ( policy.enforceCodeSignatureAligned() )
+                    return Error("mis-aligned code signature");
+            }
+            else {
+                if ( policy.enforceLinkeditContentAlignment() )
+                    return Error("mis-aligned LINKEDIT content '%s'", blob.name);
+            }
+        }
+        prevEnd  = blob.fileOffset + blob.size;
+        prevName = blob.name;
+    }
+
+    return Error::none();
+}
+
+void Image::makeExportsTrie()
+{
+    // if image has an exports trie, use placement new to build ExportTrie object in _exportsTrieSpace
+    (void)_buffer->forEachLoadCommand(^(const load_command* cmd, bool& stop) {
+        if ( cmd->cmd == LC_DYLD_EXPORTS_TRIE ) {
+            const linkedit_data_command* exportsTrie = (linkedit_data_command*)cmd;
+            if ( exportsTrie->dataoff != 0 )
+                _exportsTrie = new (_exportsTrieSpace) ExportsTrie(_linkeditBias + exportsTrie->dataoff, exportsTrie->datasize);
+        }
+        else if ( (cmd->cmd == LC_DYLD_INFO) || (cmd->cmd == LC_DYLD_INFO_ONLY) ) {
+            const dyld_info_command* dyldInfo = (dyld_info_command*)cmd;
+            if ( dyldInfo->export_off != 0 )
+                _exportsTrie = new (_exportsTrieSpace) ExportsTrie(_linkeditBias + dyldInfo->export_off, dyldInfo->export_size);
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+void Image::makeSymbolTable()
+{
+    // if image has an nlist symbol table, use placement new to build SymbolTable object in _symbolTableSpace
+    __block const symtab_command* symTabCmd      = nullptr;
+    __block const dysymtab_command* dynSymTabCmd = nullptr;
+    (void)_buffer->forEachLoadCommand(^(const load_command* cmd, bool& stop) {
+        if ( cmd->cmd == LC_SYMTAB ) {
+            symTabCmd = (symtab_command*)cmd;
+        }
+        else if ( cmd->cmd == LC_DYSYMTAB ) {
+            dynSymTabCmd = (dysymtab_command*)cmd;
+        }
+    });
+
+    if ( symTabCmd == nullptr )
+        return;
+
+    uint32_t nlocalsym  = 0;
+    uint32_t nextdefsym = 0;
+    uint32_t nundefsym  = 0;
+    if ( dynSymTabCmd != nullptr ) {
+        // some .o files do not have LC_DYSYMTAB
+        nlocalsym  = dynSymTabCmd->nlocalsym;
+        nextdefsym = dynSymTabCmd->nextdefsym;
+        nundefsym  = dynSymTabCmd->nundefsym;
+    }
+    if ( _buffer->is64() ) {
+        uint64_t               preferredLoadAddress = _buffer->preferredLoadAddress();
+        const struct nlist_64* nlistArray           = (struct nlist_64*)(_linkeditBias + symTabCmd->symoff);
+        _symbolTable                                = new (_symbolTableSpace) NListSymbolTable(preferredLoadAddress, nlistArray, symTabCmd->nsyms, (char*)_linkeditBias + symTabCmd->stroff,
+                                                           symTabCmd->strsize, nlocalsym, nextdefsym, nundefsym);
+    }
+    else {
+        uint32_t            preferredLoadAddress = (uint32_t)_buffer->preferredLoadAddress();
+        const struct nlist* nlistArray           = (struct nlist*)(_linkeditBias + symTabCmd->symoff);
+        _symbolTable                             = new (_symbolTableSpace) NListSymbolTable(preferredLoadAddress, nlistArray, symTabCmd->nsyms, (char*)_linkeditBias + symTabCmd->stroff,
+                                                           symTabCmd->strsize, nlocalsym, nextdefsym, nundefsym);
+    }
+}
+
+void Image::makeRebaseOpcodes()
+{
+    // if image has an rebase opcpdes, use placement new to build RebaseOpcodes object in _rebaseOpcodesSpace
+    (void)_buffer->forEachLoadCommand(^(const load_command* cmd, bool& stop) {
+        if ( (cmd->cmd == LC_DYLD_INFO) || (cmd->cmd == LC_DYLD_INFO_ONLY) ) {
+            const dyld_info_command* dyldInfoCmd = (dyld_info_command*)cmd;
+            if ( dyldInfoCmd->rebase_size != 0 )
+                _rebaseOpcodes = new (_rebaseOpcodesSpace) RebaseOpcodes(_linkeditBias + dyldInfoCmd->rebase_off, dyldInfoCmd->rebase_size, _buffer->is64());
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+void Image::makeBindOpcodes()
+{
+    // if image has an rebase opcpdes, use placement new to build BindOpcodes object in _bindOpcodesSpace
+    (void)_buffer->forEachLoadCommand(^(const load_command* cmd, bool& stop) {
+        if ( (cmd->cmd == LC_DYLD_INFO) || (cmd->cmd == LC_DYLD_INFO_ONLY) ) {
+            const dyld_info_command* dyldInfoCmd = (dyld_info_command*)cmd;
+            if ( dyldInfoCmd->bind_size != 0 )
+                _bindOpcodes = new (_bindOpcodesSpace) BindOpcodes(_linkeditBias + dyldInfoCmd->bind_off, dyldInfoCmd->bind_size, _buffer->is64());
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+void Image::makeLazyBindOpcodes()
+{
+    // if image has an rebase opcpdes, use placement new to build LazyBindOpcodes object in _lazyBindOpcodesSpace
+    (void)_buffer->forEachLoadCommand(^(const load_command* cmd, bool& stop) {
+        if ( (cmd->cmd == LC_DYLD_INFO) || (cmd->cmd == LC_DYLD_INFO_ONLY) ) {
+            const dyld_info_command* dyldInfoCmd = (dyld_info_command*)cmd;
+            if ( dyldInfoCmd->lazy_bind_size != 0 )
+                _lazyBindOpcodes = new (_lazyBindOpcodesSpace) LazyBindOpcodes(_linkeditBias + dyldInfoCmd->lazy_bind_off, dyldInfoCmd->lazy_bind_size, _buffer->is64());
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+void Image::makeWeakBindOpcodes()
+{
+    // if image has an rebase opcpdes, use placement new to build BindOpcodes object in _weakBindOpcodesSpace
+    (void)_buffer->forEachLoadCommand(^(const load_command* cmd, bool& stop) {
+        if ( (cmd->cmd == LC_DYLD_INFO) || (cmd->cmd == LC_DYLD_INFO_ONLY) ) {
+            const dyld_info_command* dyldInfoCmd = (dyld_info_command*)cmd;
+            if ( dyldInfoCmd->weak_bind_size != 0 )
+                _weakBindOpcodes = new (_weakBindOpcodesSpace) BindOpcodes(_linkeditBias + dyldInfoCmd->weak_bind_off, dyldInfoCmd->weak_bind_size, _buffer->is64());
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+void Image::makeChainedFixups()
+{
+    // if image has an fixup chains, use placement new to build ChainedFixups object in _chainedFixupsSpace
+    (void)_buffer->forEachLoadCommand(^(const load_command* cmd, bool& stop) {
+        if ( cmd->cmd == LC_DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS ) {
+            const linkedit_data_command* chainedFixupsCmd = (linkedit_data_command*)cmd;
+            if ( chainedFixupsCmd->datasize != 0 ) {
+                const dyld_chained_fixups_header* fixupsHeader = (dyld_chained_fixups_header*)(_linkeditBias + chainedFixupsCmd->dataoff);
+                _chainedFixups = new (_chainedFixupsSpace) ChainedFixups(fixupsHeader, chainedFixupsCmd->datasize);
+            }
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+void Image::makeFunctionStarts()
+{
+    // if image has an function starts, use placement new to build FunctionStarts object in _functionStartsSpace
+    (void)_buffer->forEachLoadCommand(^(const load_command* cmd, bool& stop) {
+        if ( cmd->cmd == LC_FUNCTION_STARTS ) {
+            const linkedit_data_command* funcStartsCmd = (linkedit_data_command*)cmd;
+            if ( funcStartsCmd->datasize != 0 ) {
+                const uint8_t* functionsStartBytes = (uint8_t*)(_linkeditBias + funcStartsCmd->dataoff);
+                _functionStarts = new (_functionStartsSpace) FunctionStarts(functionsStartBytes, funcStartsCmd->datasize);
+            }
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+void Image::makeCompactUnwind()
+{
+    // if image has an a compact unwind section, use placement new to build CompactUnwind object in _compactUnwindSpace
+    _buffer->forEachSection(^(const Header::SectionInfo& info, bool& stop) {
+        if ( (info.sectionName == "__unwind_info") && info.segmentName.starts_with("__TEXT") ) {
+            const uint8_t* sectionContent = (uint8_t*)_buffer + info.fileOffset;
+            _compactUnwind = new (_compactUnwindSpace) CompactUnwind(_buffer->arch(), sectionContent, (size_t)info.size);
+            stop   = true;
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+void Image::makeSplitSegInfo()
+{
+    // if image has a split seg info load command, use placement new to build SplitSegInfo object in _splitSegInfoSpace
+    (void)_buffer->forEachLoadCommand(^(const load_command* cmd, bool& stop) {
+        if ( cmd->cmd == LC_SEGMENT_SPLIT_INFO ) {
+            const linkedit_data_command* splitSegCmd = (linkedit_data_command*)cmd;
+            if ( splitSegCmd->datasize != 0 ) {
+                const uint8_t* startBytes = (uint8_t*)(_linkeditBias + splitSegCmd->dataoff);
+                _splitSegInfo = new (_splitSegSpace) SplitSegInfo(startBytes, splitSegCmd->datasize);
+                stop = true;
+            }
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+uint32_t Image::segmentCount() const
+{
+    __block uint32_t count = 0;
+    (void)_buffer->forEachLoadCommand(^(const load_command* cmd, bool& stop) {
+        if ( (cmd->cmd == LC_SEGMENT) || (cmd->cmd == LC_SEGMENT_64) )
+            ++count;
+    });
+    return count;
+}
+
+MappedSegment Image::segment(uint32_t segIndex) const
+{
+    __block MappedSegment result;
+    __block uint32_t      curSegIndex = 0;
+    __block uint64_t      textVmAddr  = 0;
+    (void)_buffer->forEachLoadCommand(^(const load_command* cmd, bool& stop) {
+        if ( cmd->cmd == LC_SEGMENT_64 ) {
+            const segment_command_64* segCmd = (segment_command_64*)cmd;
+            if ( strcmp(segCmd->segname, "__TEXT") == 0 )
+                textVmAddr = segCmd->vmaddr;
+            if ( curSegIndex == segIndex ) {
+                result.runtimeOffset = segCmd->vmaddr - textVmAddr;
+                if ( _hasZerofillExpansion )
+                    result.content = (uint8_t*)_buffer + (segCmd->vmaddr - textVmAddr);
+                else
+                    result.content = (uint8_t*)_buffer + segCmd->fileoff;
+                result.runtimeSize  = segCmd->vmsize;
+                result.segName      = segCmd->segname;
+                result.readable     = ((segCmd->initprot & VM_PROT_READ)    != 0);
+                result.writable     = ((segCmd->initprot & VM_PROT_WRITE)   != 0);
+                result.executable   = ((segCmd->initprot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) != 0);
+                stop = true;
+            }
+            ++curSegIndex;
+        }
+        else if ( cmd->cmd == LC_SEGMENT ) {
+            const segment_command* segCmd = (segment_command*)cmd;
+            if ( strcmp(segCmd->segname, "__TEXT") == 0 ) 
+                textVmAddr = segCmd->vmaddr;
+           if ( curSegIndex == segIndex ) {
+                result.runtimeOffset = segCmd->vmaddr - textVmAddr;
+                if ( _hasZerofillExpansion )
+                    result.content = (uint8_t*)_buffer + (segCmd->vmaddr - textVmAddr);
+                else
+                    result.content = (uint8_t*)_buffer + segCmd->fileoff;
+                result.runtimeSize  = segCmd->vmsize;
+                result.segName      = segCmd->segname;
+                result.readable     = ((segCmd->initprot & VM_PROT_READ)    != 0);
+                result.writable     = ((segCmd->initprot & VM_PROT_WRITE)   != 0);
+                result.executable   = ((segCmd->initprot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) != 0);
+                stop = true;
+            }
+            ++curSegIndex;
+        }
+    });
+    return result;
+}
+#endif // !TARGET_OS_EXCLAVEKIT
+
+void Image::withSegments(void (^callback)(std::span<const MappedSegment> segments)) const
+{
+    const uint32_t count = segmentCount();
+    MappedSegment segments[count];
+    for (uint32_t segIndex=0; segIndex < count; ++segIndex)
+        segments[segIndex] = this->segment(segIndex);
+
+    callback(std::span(segments, count));
+}
+
+// This is a high level abstraction for mach-o files.  No matter the format, it returns all bind targets
+void Image::forEachBindTarget(void (^callback)(const Fixup::BindTarget& targetInfo, bool& stop)) const
+{
+    if ( this->hasChainedFixups() ) {
+        this->chainedFixups().forEachBindTarget(callback);
+    }
+    else if ( this->hasBindOpcodes() ) {
+        // FIXME: Do we want to pass up the strong binds?
+        this->bindOpcodes().forEachBindTarget(callback, ^(const char* symbolName) { });
+        // FIXME: lazy binds
+    }
+}
+
+
+// This is a high level abstraction for mach-o files.  No matter the format, it iterates all fixups
+void Image::forEachFixup(void (^callback)(const Fixup& fixup, bool& stop)) const
+{
+    const uint64_t prefLoadAddr = this->header()->preferredLoadAddress();
+    this->withSegments(^(std::span<const MappedSegment> segments) {
+        if ( this->hasChainedFixups() ) {
+            this->chainedFixups().forEachFixupChainStartLocation(segments, ^(const void* chainStart, uint32_t segIndex, const ChainedFixups::PointerFormat& pf, bool& stop) {
+                pf.forEachFixupLocationInChain(chainStart, prefLoadAddr, &segments[segIndex], callback);
+            });
+        }
+        else {
+            if ( this->hasBindOpcodes() ) {
+                this->bindOpcodes().forEachBindLocation(segments, callback);
+            }
+            if ( this->hasLazyBindOpcodes() ) {
+                this->lazyBindOpcodes().forEachBindLocation(segments, callback);
+            }
+            if ( this->hasRebaseOpcodes() ) {
+                this->rebaseOpcodes().forEachRebaseLocation(segments, prefLoadAddr, callback);
+            }
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+std::span<const uint32_t> Image::indirectSymbolTable() const
+{
+    uint32_t fileOffset;
+    uint32_t count;
+    if ( header()->hasIndirectSymbolTable(fileOffset, count) ) {
+        return std::span<const uint32_t>((uint32_t*)(_linkeditBias + fileOffset), count);
+    }
+    return std::span<const uint32_t>();
+}
+
+std::span<uint8_t> Image::atomInfo() const
+{
+    uint32_t fileOffset;
+    uint32_t count;
+    if ( header()->hasAtomInfo(fileOffset, count) ) {
+        return std::span<uint8_t>((uint8_t*)(_linkeditBias + fileOffset), count);
+    }
+    return std::span<uint8_t>();
+}
+
+
+} // namespace mach_o