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-.\"	$OpenBSD: openpty.3,v 1.3 1996/11/24 23:53:12 millert Exp $
-.\" Copyright (c) 1995
-.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
-.\"
-.\" This code is derived from software developed by the Computer Systems
-.\" Engineering group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory under DARPA contract
-.\" BG 91-66 and contributed to Berkeley.
-.\"
-.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
-.\" are met:
-.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
-.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
-.\"	This product includes software developed by the University of
-.\"	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
-.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
-.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-.\"    without specific prior written permission.
-.\"
-.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
-.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
-.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
-.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
-.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
-.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
-.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
-.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
-.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
-.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
-.\"
-.Dd June 17, 2025
-.Dt OPENPTY 3
-.Os
-.Sh NAME
-.Nm openpty ,
-.Nm login_tty ,
-.Nm forkpty
-.Nd tty utility functions
-.Sh SYNOPSIS
-.Fd #include <util.h>
-.Ft int
-.Fn openpty "int *aprimary" "int *areplica" "char *name" "struct termios *termp" "struct winsize *winp"
-.Ft int
-.Fn login_tty "int fd"
-.Ft pid_t
-.Fn forkpty "int *aprimary" "char *name" "struct termios *termp" "struct winsize *winp"
-.Sh DESCRIPTION
-The
-.Fn openpty ,
-.Fn login_tty ,
-and
-.Fn forkpty
-functions manipulate ttys and pseudo-ttys.
-.Pp
-The
-.Fn openpty
-function allocates a pseudo-tty and returns file descriptors
-for the primary and replica in
-.Fa aprimary
-and
-.Fa areplica .
-If
-.Fa name
-is non-null, the pathname of the replica is stored in the buffer
-pointed to by
-.Fa name ,
-which must be at least 128 bytes.
-If
-.Fa termp
-is non-null, the terminal parameters of the replica will be set to the
-values in
-.Fa termp .
-If
-.Fa winp
-is non-null, the window size of the replica will be set to the values in
-.Fa winp .
-.Pp
-The
-.Fn login_tty
-function prepares for a login on the tty
-.Fa fd
-(which may be a real tty device, or the replica of a pseudo-tty as
-returned by
-.Fn openpty )
-by creating a new session, making
-.Fa fd
-the controlling terminal for the current process, setting
-.Fa fd
-to be the standard input, output, and error streams of the current
-process, and closing
-.Fa fd .
-.Pp
-The
-.Fn forkpty
-function combines
-.Fn openpty ,
-.Fn fork ,
-and
-.Fn login_tty
-to creates a new process operating in a pseudo-tty.
-The file
-descriptor of the primary side of the pseudo-tty is returned in
-.Fa aprimary ,
-and the pathname of the replica is stored in the buffer pointed to by
-.Fa name
-if it is non-null.
-The buffer must be at least 128 bytes long.
-The
-.Fa termp
-and
-.Fa winp
-parameters, if non-null, will determine the terminal attributes and
-window size of the replica side of the pseudo-tty.
-.Sh RETURN VALUES
-If a call to
-.Fn openpty ,
-.Fn login_tty ,
-or
-.Fn forkpty
-is not successful, -1 is returned and
-.Va errno
-is set to indicate the error.
-Otherwise,
-.Fn openpty ,
-.Fn login_tty ,
-and the child process of
-.Fn forkpty
-return 0, and the parent process of
-.Fn forkpty
-returns the process ID of the child process.
-.Sh ERRORS
-.Fn openpty
-will fail if:
-.Bl -tag -width Er
-.It Bq Er EAGAIN
-There are no available pseudo-ttys.
-.It Bq Er ENXIO
-The
-.Xr sysctl 3
-limit
-.Dq kern.tty.ptmx_max
-number of pseudo-terminal devices was reached.
-.El
-.Pp
-The
-.Fn openpty
-function may also fail and set
-.Va errno
-for any of the errors specified for the
-.Xr open 2
-system call.
-.Pp
-.Fn login_tty
-will fail if
-.Fn ioctl
-fails to set
-.Fa fd
-to the controlling terminal of the current process.
-.Fn forkpty
-will fail if either
-.Fn openpty
-or
-.Fn fork
-fails.
-.Sh FILES
-.Bl -tag -width /dev/ttys[0-9][0-9][0-9] -compact
-.It Pa /dev/ptmx
-cloning pseudo-tty device
-.It Pa /dev/ttys[0-9][0-9][0-9]
-replica pseudo-tty devices
-.El
-.Sh SEE ALSO
-.Xr fork 2 ,
-.Xr ptsname 3 ,
-.Xr sysctl 3
-.Sh CAVEATS
-Due to the risk of accidentally passing a too-small buffer as the
-.Fa name
-argument to the
-.Fn forkpty
-and
-.Fn openpty
-functions, it is advisable to use
-.Xr ptsname_r 3
-instead.